200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt Heart Anatomy Blood FlowCCSECGHeartium

Describe the chambers in the heart and their functions.

Atria: collection chambers separated by interatrial septum Ventricles: discharging chambers separated by interventricular septum walls consists of papilary muscles larger in size and more muscular

Name the four valves in the heart and their locations

1. Atrioventricular valve: Right AV aka tricuspid 2. Atrioventricular : Left AV aka bicuspid 3.pulmonary semilunar valve 4. Aortic semilunar valve

A backflow of blood caused by a faulty valve is called a __________.

mumur

What are the 3 layers of heart tisse?

1.Pericardium: 2 layered sac surrounding the heart tissue; contains serous fluid 2.Epicardium: lines the outside of the heart 3.Endocardium: muscle tissue; inner layer of heart tissue

The angle of the heart within the chest should be between ____ and _____?

0- 90 degrees

Blood that drains into the right atria from these veins

Superior and inferior vena cava

Pulmonary veins deposit _______ blood into the _______ _________.

Oxygenated; left atrium

The blood flow is divided into these 2 circuits.

Systemic pulmonary

This ascending and descending vessel takes blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

aorta

DAILY DOUBLE Describe the flow of blood through the heart? (limited time)

Superior and inferior vena cava- right atrium-tricuspid valve-right ventricle-pulmonary semi-lunar valve-pulmonary arteries-lungs- pulmonary veins-left atrium-mitral valve-left ventricle-aortic valve- aorta-branches of aorta (brachiocephalic, supclavian, carotid)

This part of the CCS is known as the primary pace maker. Where is it located?

SA node located in wall of right atrium near opening of the superior vena cava

The AV node, located in right atrium, send electrical impulses to this bundle of fibers.

AV bundle “bundle of His”

These fibers function to contract the ventricles and are stimulated by the ______________.

Purkinje fibers; AV bundle

This node can be called a secondary pacemaker, making the heart beat ~60 beats/min.

AV node

The heart muscle is considered ______ ___________ even in the absence of an externally applied nervous impulse. It can be placed in these certain aqueous solutions to stimulate contractions.

Self-excitatory

This wave depicted on an ECG involves the depolarization of the ventricular walls.

QRS complex

Which wave represents the depolorization of the atria?

P wave

What does the T wave represent?

Repolarization of the ventricles; relaxation of ventricular walls

Which wave on the ECG represents the repolarization of the atria?.

Not depicted on the graph b/c it is masked by the QRS complex, not recorded as a distinct wave.

Explain the following equation CO=HR x SV

Cardiac output is equivalent to the heart rate times the amount of blood with each beat

a. What is an arrhythmia? b. List 3 factors that can affect heart rate

Altered heart rhythms or irregular heart beat factors: temperature ions drugs physical activity (exercise)

Explain the condition of tachycardia and possible causes.

Abnormally fast heart rate (100beats/min) caused by shock, drugs, hormones, heart disease, increase in body temperature, exercise, anemia

Justify why ventricular fibrillation is more life threatening than atrial fibrillation.

Ventricles pump O2 blood to systemic and pulmonary circuits…..

During ______ the heart is relaxed.

diastole

Systole involves the _____ of blood through the systemic and ______ circuits. The pressure in the arteries become _______ and the _______ close.

Ejection; pulmonary greater; semilunar valves