1) List your earliest memory. What specifically stands out? 2) Discuss this memory with a partner. We will hear a sample.

Neurobiology Lessons: What Medical Educators Need to Know Garrett Meyers MAJ, MC, USA

Objectives Explored five principles of neuroscience important to education Experienced and listed a “toolkit” of techniques harnessing each principle

Take-Home Points Education changes brains! Consider these changes when planning learning sessions Use your toolbox of evidence-based educational practices

Increasing reference availability reflects the growth of our knowledge.

Remember – the brain is an organ.

The brain has three major divisions.

The limbic system includes structures responsible for long-term memory storage.

The cerebral cortex is inextricably linked to the limbic system.

Information Processing Model

OUTOUT OUTOUT OUTOUT Sensory Register Immediate memory Long-Term Storage Working memory STORING RETRIEVING

Activity – IP Model In your folders are information sheets with four primary roles for the Information processing Model. Each individual should take 2-3 minutes to read their role and prepare to discuss with your table. 1. Sensory Register 2. Immediate memory 3. Working memory 4. Long-term Storage / Memory

The brain has > 1 billion neurons.

An increased number and strength of synaptic connections form when learning.

Memory is a dynamic process.

So What? - Activity Think-Pair-Share –Using your handout, take a moment to rank the five principles of neurobiology listed, in order of their importance to your teaching efforts. –Discuss with a partner.

Five Principles for Education Active Engagement Attention Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory Stress

1) Active Engagement

Functional changes in neural circuitry occur best when the learner is actively engaged. Active Engagement

Medical education is slowly changing. Active Engagement

Team-Based Learning Problem-Based Learning Small Group Activities Learners as Teachers Simulation Active Engagement

2) Attention

“Multitasking, when it comes to paying attention, is a myth.” - Dr. John Medina

After 10 minutes, audience attention steadily drops. Attention

After 10 minutes, tell a story, show a video, have the learners do something. Keep it relevant! Attention

3) Short term memory “______________ is the key to adult learning.”

“Going deeper,” rather than touching on all information, results in deeper understanding and better retention. Short-term memory

4) Long-term memory

Memory is not fixed at the moment of learning. Repetition, with appropriate spacing, is the fixative. Long-term memory

OUTOUT Long-Term Storage Working memory STORING RETRIEVING SENSE MEANING

Take 1 minute to list potential strategies utilizing repetition.

Examples: - The “Ambassador” Activity - Introduction, wrap-up - “See one, do one, teach one” - Recitation with different learner levels

5) Stress

Stress can generate molecular signals that facilitate synaptic potentiation. Moderation is key. Stress

Five Principles for Education Active Engagement Attention Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory Stress

Other Principles Visualization Sensory Integration Individual Learning Styles Exercise Sleep / Fatigue Reward and Reinforcement

Commitment to Act How will you incorporate these principles in your teaching?

Take-Home Points Education changes brains! Consider these changes when planning learning sessions Use your toolbox of evidence-based educational practices