1 Medical Office Building
2 Occupancy – 400 persons 8 a.m. – 5 p.m. Monday - Friday Building Characteristics Three stories 40,000 square feet (200’ x 200’) per floor Standard construction
3 Office Application
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6 Hot Water Systems Primary Pumps Secondary Pumps Tertiary Pumps Heat Recovery Pumps Air Handlers Fan Coils Radiant Floor Convection Units Filter Pumps
7 Hot Water Systems P3 Boiler 1 Boiler 2 Type of Pumps P1 Primary P2 Secondary P3 Tertiary P4 Domestic HW P5 Heat Recovery P6 Filter P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 P6 P5 Radiators In-floor Fan Coils Filter System HW Air Handler with Heat Recovery HWR CW Heat Exchanger
8 VS/VV Hot Water Systems Return Supply Secondary Pumps Boiler 1* Boiler 2* P1* P2* *Sequenced VSP1* VSP2* ΔP Sensor VS Pumps and Controls
9 Chilled Water Applications Primary Pumps Secondary Pumps Condenser Water Pumps Fan Coils VAV Air Handlers Chilled Beams
10 Chilled Water Applications Type of Pumps P1 Primary P2 Secondary P3 Tertiary P4 Condenser Water P5 Air Handlers P6 Filter P2 P6 P5 Radiant Fan Coils Filter System Air Handlers Chiller Chilled Beams Cooling Tower Condenser Water P1 P4 Expansion Tank Air Separator Common Pipe P3 Chiller P1
CHW System Differences Pumps are typically 3-4 times larger Condensation concerns Air separator location Primary pump location Open loop system piping
12 Parallel Pumping Single pumps versus multiple pumps Advantages Common configurations
13 Single vs. Multiple Pump Comparison Single Pump Design Higher HP No redundancy Less piping Less maintenance Less complicated Higher operating cost Multiple Pump Design Lower HP Redundancy More piping More maintenance More complicated Lower operating cost
14 Parallel Pumping Common Configurations – Closed loop systems 50% Duty Pump (2) 50% Duty Pump (1) 50% Standby Pump 100% Duty Pump 100% Standby Pump
15 Parallel Pumping Parallel Pumps - What? Ft Ft Ft
16 Parallel Pumping Parallel Pumps - Why? Parallel pumping provides additive flow at the same point of head.
17 Single Pump Curve Flow Head Pump Curve Point of Selection
18 Parallel Pump Curve Head Flow Flow 1, Pump 1 Flow 1, Pump 2 Single Pump Curve Point of Selection Duty Point Parallel Pump Curve
19 Parallel Pumping Parallel Pumps - Advantages Smaller pumps Smaller motors Lower operating cost Standby options Right size pump operating more often
20 Parallel Pumping % Full Load HP % Flow Parallel C/S 2 Pumps Single C/S Single Parallel C/S Getting more out of your pump!
21 Parallel Pumping Pump 1 selection: ft Pump 1 & 2 selection: ft Pump 1 operation: ft System Curve Operation Beyond Selection Point
22 Parallel Pumping Review Selection Criteria Select pumps for 50% of total flow (500 gpm, each) Make sure each pump can cross system curve Parallel Pump Advantage Pump runs out to 820 gpm Operate one pump for ≥ 80% of the time Save operational cost!
23 Parallel Pumping Cautions Pumps too small oEnd of curve Unequal sized pumps oErratic operation Improper parallel pump selection
24 Parallel Pumping Caution Flow (gpm) Pump 1 Pump 2 Pump 3 System Curve Pump 1 selection: ft Pump 1& 2 selection: ft Pump 1, 2, &3 selection: ft Head (ft) End of Curve
25 Parallel Pump Caution Unequal Size Pump Selection
26 Sequencing Parallel Pumps Pump sequencing methods: ‒ Head ‒ Differential Head ‒ Temperature ‒ Flow ‒ Current sensing
27 Sequencing Parallel Pumps P1 P1&2 Staging point Duty point Head (ft) Flow (gpm)
28 Parallel Pumping Parallel pumps - Operation How many can you add? Practical limit – 6 pumps
29 Maximum Number of Parallel Pumps P2 P1 P4 P3 P5 P7 P6
Parallel VS Operation 30 Point E Point D Point C Point B Point A
31 VS/VV Pumping Add: Variable frequency drive (VFD) Programmable logic controller (PLC) Differential pressure sensors (∆P) Direct digital controls (DDC) Save operating cost versus CS/CV system!
32 VS/VV Pump Energy Consumption CS/CV CS/VV VS/VV
33 VS/VV Pumping Add: Variable frequency drive (VFD) Programmable logic controller (PLC) Differential pressure sensors (∆P) Direct digital controls (DDC) Or add…
34 Demand More Magna3!
35 Demand More – Intelligent Control Traditional methods Previously discussed Sequencing Parallel Pumps
36 Demand More - Intelligent Control Optimized solution not only for the pumps, but for the total system conditions Uncontrolled (constant volume) curve Constant pressure Proportional pressure Temperature control FLOW ADAPT AUTO ADAPT
37 Demand More - Intellegent Control Q 100%25% H 1. Uncontrolled 2. Constant pressure 3. Proportional pressure (calculated) 4. Proportional pressure (measured) 5. Temperature control Flow in % Effect in % Get Additional Energy Savings
38 Demand More – Life Cycle Costing