The Road to Rebellion Canada

Newspapers and Politics At this time printing presses were becoming more widely available At this time printing presses were becoming more widely available More and more newspapers were created More and more newspapers were created As is the case today, most of these papers had a strong political bias As is the case today, most of these papers had a strong political bias Some editors with “radical views” like responsible govn’t were quite popular Some editors with “radical views” like responsible govn’t were quite popular

William Lyon Mackenzie

Born in 1795, in Scotland, but moved to Canada in 1820 Born in 1795, in Scotland, but moved to Canada in 1820 He lived in “York” (Toronto 1834) He lived in “York” (Toronto 1834) 1822 created the Colonial Advocate 1822 created the Colonial Advocate Criticized the Tory government mostly over land grants Criticized the Tory government mostly over land grants 1827-ran for office as a reformer using his newspaper 1827-ran for office as a reformer using his newspaper

Louis-Joseph Papineau

Born in Montreal 1786 Born in Montreal 1786 Served as an officer in the War of 1812 Served as an officer in the War of He was speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada with the Parti Patriote He was speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada with the Parti Patriote Very outspoken felt that the British Government did not act in French Canada’s best interests Very outspoken felt that the British Government did not act in French Canada’s best interests

Papineau Cont… Published scathing criticisms of the British government’s rule in Canada Published scathing criticisms of the British government’s rule in Canada There were many attempts to silence him There were many attempts to silence him –Threats –Bribes Eventually he argued that Lower Canada should join the USA Eventually he argued that Lower Canada should join the USA

Montreal Election of 1832 Was for West Montreal Was for West Montreal Between Parti Patriote- Daniel Tracey and English Party- Stanley Bragg Between Parti Patriote- Daniel Tracey and English Party- Stanley Bragg Polls opened on April 25 th the voting took six weeks Polls opened on April 25 th the voting took six weeks 691 votes for Tracey/ 687 for Bragg 691 votes for Tracey/ 687 for Bragg

Election Cont… Immediately afterwards fighting broke out. Immediately afterwards fighting broke out. English accused French of rioting English accused French of rioting French accused English of a planned massacre French accused English of a planned massacre British government upheld the English action British government upheld the English action This increases tensions between French and English This increases tensions between French and English

Cholera Outbreak in Quebec 2 Months after the Election a Cholera epidemic hit Montreal 2 Months after the Election a Cholera epidemic hit Montreal Tracey himself contracted the disease and died before he could take office Tracey himself contracted the disease and died before he could take office A ship called the Carrick from Ireland landed carrying a few feverish passengers A ship called the Carrick from Ireland landed carrying a few feverish passengers 9000 people died by the end of the year 9000 people died by the end of the year Many blamed the English Many blamed the English

Cholera Bacterial infection transmitted through food and water Bacterial infection transmitted through food and water Affects the small intestine causing severe diarrhea and vomiting Affects the small intestine causing severe diarrhea and vomiting The sufferer dies from dehydration The sufferer dies from dehydration Doctors at the time thought it was casued by “bad air” Doctors at the time thought it was casued by “bad air” Poor sanitation and lack of sewers in many towns allowed the infection to spread like wildfire Poor sanitation and lack of sewers in many towns allowed the infection to spread like wildfire

92 Resolutions In Quebec the Parti Patriotes had a majority in the House of Assembly In Quebec the Parti Patriotes had a majority in the House of Assembly However their resolutions were not passed by the British Government However their resolutions were not passed by the British Government In 1834 the Patriotes had enough In 1834 the Patriotes had enough They drafted a list of 92 problems and sent them directly to London England They drafted a list of 92 problems and sent them directly to London England

92 Resolutions Cont… In a nutshell the list included demands for In a nutshell the list included demands for – control of the budget –Powers and privileges of the British Gov. There were also threats of rebellion similar to that of the 13 colonies (USA) There were also threats of rebellion similar to that of the 13 colonies (USA) After three years of ignoring the list the British government responded in 1837 After three years of ignoring the list the British government responded in 1837 All 92 resolutions were rejected All 92 resolutions were rejected

6 Counties Assembly In June of 1837 the British Government declared it illegal for the Patriotes to assemble in public In June of 1837 the British Government declared it illegal for the Patriotes to assemble in public On October of that year they assembled anyway On October of that year they assembled anyway Papineau and other Patriotes gave speeches Three weeks later arrest warrants were issued for Patriote leaders Papineau and other Patriotes gave speeches Three weeks later arrest warrants were issued for Patriote leaders Papineau and others fled to the USA Papineau and others fled to the USA

Joseph Howe

Born in Halifax in 1804 Born in Halifax in 1804 Became editor of the Nova Scotian in 1828 and it quickly became the province’s most popular newspaper Became editor of the Nova Scotian in 1828 and it quickly became the province’s most popular newspaper He criticized the government for corruption and was sued for libel in 1835 He criticized the government for corruption and was sued for libel in 1835 He defended himself in a speech that was 6 hours and 15 minutes long He defended himself in a speech that was 6 hours and 15 minutes long

Howe Cont… Howe was acquitted of the charge and won his case Howe was acquitted of the charge and won his case This made him popular and in the next year he entered politics This made him popular and in the next year he entered politics He was a conservative reformer and worked to achieve responsible government He was a conservative reformer and worked to achieve responsible government This was achieved by 1850 without armed rebellion This was achieved by 1850 without armed rebellion Howe became NS’s 4 th Premier ( ) Howe became NS’s 4 th Premier ( )