R EGENERATIVE M EDICINE I NTRODUCTION

Owes its inspiration to Greek mythology and the Story of Prometheus and Zeus: Greek myth says that Zeus had Prometheus chained to a rock for bringing fire to humans. Every day an eagle would come and eat his liver. By the time the eagle came back the next day, the liver had grown back.

T HE END GOAL : To create products that improve tissue function or heal tissue defects. Replace diseased or damaged tissue Because…… Donor tissues and organs are in short supply We want to minimize immune system response by using our own cells or novel ways to protect transplant. No need for anti-rejection medication, used in traditional transplants

Regenerative Medicine is the process Definition:

Regenerative Medicine

R EGENERATE, REPAIR AND REPLACE Regenerate

R EGENERATE, REPAIR AND REPLACE Repair

R EGENERATE, REPAIR AND REPLACE Replace

Regenerative Medicine in vitro approach: in vivo approach: Research Methods

D ISCUSSION Q UESTION 1 Take 5-8 minutes to discuss the following question with the person next to you, & write down your responses: What kinds of information can we gain from experiments in vivo? What kinds of information can we gain from experiments in vitro? Why do you think we need to do research in vivo, in a laboratory and outside of humans, instead of in vitro, inside of a person? We will then discuss this as a class.

S CAFFOLDING Various textures and materials to provide Encourage cells to Allow to pass to all cells Deliver and retain cells and biochemical factors

G ENE T HERAPY It is a technique for correcting defective genes that are responsible for disease development. Gene therapy uses viruses to insert normal or desired genes into a patients cells. FDA hasn’t approved any human gene therapy.

G ENE T HERAPY

C ELL T HERAPY It is a technique in which cells from healthy patient or animal are injected into the unhealthy patient. Idea is that healthy cells will tell unhealthy cells what they should do right, or trigger the body to destroy unhealthy cells allowing new ones to take their place. FDA approved for FDA does not approve of use of

T ISSUE E NGINEERING Grow entire tissues for patients. Use scaffolding to provide structure for cells to grow and take their shape. Implanted into patient, which then “learn” what to become based on

S TEM C ELLS Non-specialized cells Being placed into a specific place in the body, they can become the cells needed in the area. Two types: Adult & Embryonic Use is debatable

O RGAN ENGINEERING Not very far in development Grown Use “skeleton” from dead organs, Needs to complete complex metabolic functions Require