CHAPTER 5 REVIEW SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 1 A Physical property Physical property – can be sensed, described, or measured without the formation of a new substance Ex – solubility, conductivity Chemical Property Chemical Property – the tendency fo a substance to interact with another substance, involves the formation of a new substance Ex - combustibility

QUESTION 1 B Element Element – a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances Ex – hydrogen, oxygen Compound Compound – a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically bonded together Ex – water, carbon dioxide

QUESTION 1 C Metal Metal – lustrous, malleable, good conductor, forms cations Ex – sodium, iron Nonmetal Nonmetal – dull, brittle, poor conductor, forms anions or covalent bonds Ex – Carbon, sulfur

QUESTION 1 D Ionic Compound Ionic Compound – consists of oppositely charged ions, forms electolytes Ex – Sodium chloride, copper(II) sulfate Molecular Compounds Molecular Compounds – consists of neutral molecules, forms non- electrolytes Ex – sugar, water

QUESTION 2 A) A sample of matter that contains only one kind of atom: ELEMENT B) a characteristic of matter that involves the formation of a new substance: CHEMICAL PROPERTY C) the starting material in a chemical reaction: REACTANT D) a family of elements that includes sodium and potassium: ALKALI METALS

QUESTION 2 E) The positive charged particle in the atom: PROTON F) an electrically charge atom: ION

QUESTION 3 A) elements and compounds are examples of pure substances; a solution is a mixture B) the melting point of a substance is an example of a physical property C) The chemical test for hydrogen gas is to use a burning splint D) Fluorine, chlorine, and iodine are members of the halogen family

QUESTION 3 E) Negative particles called electrons circle the nucleus of the atom; neutrons are found in the atom’s nucleus. F) An atom with more electrons than protons will be a negative ion G) A molecular compound is held together with covalent bonds

QUESTION 4 A) ALUMINUM – 13 Protons, 14 Neutrons, 13 Electrons, 3 in outer shell B) FLUORINE – 9 Protons, 10 Neutrons, 9 Electrons, 7 in outer shell C) MAGNESIUM – 12 Protons, 12 Neutrons, 12 Electrons, 2 in outer shell D) PHOSPHORUS – 15 Protons, 16 Neutrons, 15 Electrons, 5 in outer shell

QUESTION 5 A) Aluminum – Al in outer shell B) Fluorine – F in outer shell C) Magnesium – Mg in outer shell D) Phosphorus – P in outer shell

QUESTION 6 A) Magnesium + chlorine magnesium chloride B) Sodium + Bromine sodium bromide C) Magnesium + Oxygen Magnesium Oxide D) aluminum + phosphorus aluminum phosphide E) aluminum + sulfur aluminum sulfide

QUESTION 7 A) Magnesium Chloride : MgCl 2 B) Sodium Bromide : NaBr C) Magnesium Oxide : MgO D) Aluminum phoshide: AlP E) Aluminum sulfide : Al 2 S 3

QUESTION 8 Picture shows 18 electrons A) 16 Protons – negative 2 charge : S 2- B) 18 Protons – zero charge – noble gas: Ar C) 19 Protons – plus 1 charge : K +

QUESTION 9 A) CuCl – Copper(II) Carbonate B) FeI 2 – Iron(II) iodide C) Tin (IV) Oxide – SnO 2 D) lead (II) bromide – PbBr 2

QUESTION 10 A) CuCO 3 – Copper (II) carbonate B) FeSO 4 – Iron(II) sulfate C) Tin(IV) Phosphate – Sn 3 (PO 4 ) 4 D) Lead(II) Nitrate – Pb(NO 3 ) 2

QUESTION 11 A) Carbon monoxide – CO B) Nitrogen triiodide – NI 3 C) SCI 2 – sulfur chloride ( sulfur dichloride) D) CCI 4 – Carbon tetrachloride