RICYT-CYTED RICYT – Ibero American Network of Science and Technology Indicators A successful experience for horizontal cooperation

RICYT-CYTED A little bit of history zIt was “born” in 1994, when the first Ibero American workshop on S&T indicators took place in Buenos Aires. zInitial funding by CYTED and OAS. zFast process of gaining recognition, not only in the region but also by international and multilateral organizations.

RICYT-CYTED Institutions supporting RICYT z CYTED Program z Organization of American States (OAS) z Organization of Ibero American States (OEI) z UNESCO z Executive Secretary of Convenio Andrés Bello (SECAB) z National counterparts in all the region

RICYT-CYTED Participant institutions: SOUTH AMERICA zNATIONAL MINISTRIES OF S&T (or equivalent) not national statistics institutions: ArgentinaBolivia BrazilColombia ChileEcuador ParaguayPeru UruguayVenezuela zUNIVERSITIES AND R&D INSTITUTIONS

RICYT-CYTED Participant institutions: NORTH AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN zCARIBBEAN COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CCST) zNATIONAL MINISTRIES OF S&T (or equivalent): Canada Mexico USA Barbados Cuba Dominican Rep. Jamaica Trinidad & Tobago zUNIVERSITIES AND R&D INSTITUTIONS

RICYT-CYTED Participant institutions: CENTRAL AMERICA zSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COMMISSION FOR CENTRAL AMERICA AND PANAMA (CTCAP) zNATIONAL MINISTRIES OF S&T (or equivalent): Costa RicaHonduras El SalvadorNicaragua GuatemalaPanama  UNIVERSITIES AND R&D INSTITUTIONS

RICYT-CYTED Extra-regional institutions zOECD zEUROPEAN COMMISSION yEUROSTAT zSPAIN yMCyT - CINDOC - INE - CDTI zFRANCE yINIST - OST z UNCTAD z PORTUGAL yMCES z RUSSIA yCSRS

RICYT-CYTED Objectives zTo promote the development of instruments to measure and analyze S&T in Latin America, in the frame of international cooperation, in order to learn more about S&T and its applicability as an instrument for the policy and decision making processes.

RICYT-CYTED Specific objectives zDesign indicators for the measurement and analysis of S-T&I in the region. zTo facilitate comparability and international exchange of information about S-&T. zDiffusion of information: reports, working documents and indicators. zTo train people in S&T statistics and indicators. zTo organize international meetings – workshops and seminars - around the main topics of the network.

RICYT-CYTED Normalization, analysis and research: ISSUES zS&T inputs indicators zInnovation indicators zKnowledge Society indicators zBibliometric indicators z Public perception, scientific culture and public participation z International mobility of HRST z S&T social impact indicators

RICYT-CYTED Normalization, analysis and research: RESULTS z9 books on S&T indicators (5 pocket editions). zL.A. Manual of Technological Innovation Indicators – Bogotá Manual. zL.A. Methodology for producing S&T input indicators. zMethodology for the Caribbean. zMethodology for obtaining bibliometric indicators in Latin America. zStudy of the Ibero American production in the biomedical sciences field. zStudies on HRST and S&T social impact indicators.

RICYT-CYTED Production of information: ACTIVITIES zAnnual survey of S&T indicators to all the countries of region. zSurvey on National S&T institutional systems to all the region’s countries. zProduction of bibliometric indicators. zRevision and consolidation of the information. zPublication of Ibero and Inter American indicators.

RICYT-CYTED Production of information: ACTIVITIES zAnnual survey of S&T indicators to all the countries of region. zSurvey on National S&T institutional systems to all the region’s countries. zProduction of bibliometric indicators. zRevision and consolidation of the information. zPublication of Ibero and Inter American indicators.

RICYT-CYTED Training: ACTIVITIES z5 rounds of short fellowships z13 national and sub-regional training seminaries z14 technical assistance visits z2 courses about indicators in the framework of UNESCO Chair

RICYT-CYTED Diffusion of Information: ACTIVITIES and RESULTS zBoletín Indicios (14 editions, 1000 vols.) zCuadernos de Indicios ( 2 editions, 500 vols.) zText book (co-edited with UNESCO/Nueva Sociedad and COLCIENCIAS/Tercer Mundo) zWeb site (1500 visits per month) y Up-to-date indicators in the web site zProjects and results presentation in international forums

RICYT-CYTED RICYT activities 2003: Regional Workshops zSecond Workshop on “Indicators for the Information Society”, Lisbon, February z Third Workshop on “Bibliometric Indicators”, Madrid, March z First Workshop on “Public Perception, Scientific Culture and Public Participation, Salamanca, May z “Sixth Ibero and Inter American Workshop of S&T Indicators” (every two years)

RICYT-CYTED S&T indicators currently produced and published by RICYT zContext indicators yPopulation yLabour force yGross Domestic Product (GDP) zInput indicators yExpenditures yHuman resources zOutput indicators yPatents yBibliometric

RICYT-CYTED Innovation indicators zTraining and methodological activities yRegional standard for the production of innovation indicators: Bogotá Manual yInnovation surveys in the region’s countries: Chile, Colombia, Argentina, Venezuela, Brazil (Sao Paulo), Uruguay, Mexico, zIndicators yInput and output innovation indicators yTechnology Balance of Payments yInternational Trade of High Technology goods and services

RICYT-CYTED Why did we need a regional manual? zShare common criteria and procedures for “constructing” indicators. zCommon methodology for the measurement and analysis of innovative processes. zInternational and regional comparisons.

RICYT-CYTED Characteristics of LA firms regarding innovation zInformal organizational settings for conducting innovation, zFewer R&D projects undertaken, zInnovation mainly based in the acquisition of technology embodied in capital equipment, zThe importance of organizational change in innovation processes, zFewer resources devoted to innovation activities, and zFragmented flows of information within national systems of innovation.

RICYT-CYTED Indicators that RICYT is working on and will publish in the short term z Indicators of public perception of science y First survey in Argentina, Brazil, Spain and Uruguay. z Indicators of social impact of S&T y Development of methodology for the region and pilot survey in selected countries. zIndicators of international mobility of HRST yPilot indicators developed from population census in L.A. and from USA data on resident scientists (2003). zKnowledge Society Indicators

Panama Mexico Argentina Chile Latin America Cuba Brazil European Union Canada USA Japan R&D expenditure as a % of GDP, 2001* * or last available year

0% 25% 50% 75% 100% USA Japan EU Canada Spain Latin America Brazil Perú Uruguay Trin. & Tobago Mexico Costa Rica Argentina Portugal Colombia Chile Bolivia Ecuador R&D expenditure by performing sector 2001* Non Profit Higher Educación Gov. Enterprises * or last available year

Japan USA Australia Canada European Union Spain Portugal Argentina Costa Rica Cuba Chile T. & Tobago Brazil Latin America Uruguay Mexico Venezuela Panama Bolivia Full time researchers by 1,000 of the Labour Force, 2001* * or last available year

R&D expenditure by full time researcher, 2001* (in thousands US$) USA EU Canada Japan Venezuela Mexico Panama Spain Portugal LAC Brazil Chile Uruguay El Salvador Argentina Colombia Cuba Bolivia T. & Tobago Costa Rica Ecuador Paraguay Nicaragua Honduras * or last available year

Publications from Latin America and the Caribbean in different databases, % 2.7% 1.7% 2.7% 6.5% 2.5% 2.1% SCI PASCAL INSPEC COMPENDEX Chemical Abstracts BIOSIS MEDLINE CAB

RICYT-CYTED General achievements zInclusion of Latin American S&T indicators in world statistics zRaise profile of LA S&T zSupport for (policy) research on S&T y Colombian Observatory of S&T zParticipation as a region in S&T statistics international meetings zSuccessful story of regional ‘integration’ (horizontal cooperation) zWhat is lacking: use of S&T indicators and statistics for policy-making.

RICYT-CYTED Finally… the end zhttp://