PHYSICS LAB VERNIER CALLIPERS It consists of 1.Main Scale (graduated in cm/mm) 2.Vernier Scale.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Measurement Quiz Click here to start Scoring
Advertisements

Linear Functions.
2.4 Writing the Equation of a Line
Lenses. Transparent material is capable of causing parallel rays to either converge or diverge depending upon its shape.
Machining Fundamental
Theory of Measurements. Measurement of length and time accurate measurement There are two main types of errors: Random Errors Systematic Errors Staterandomconstant.
Measuring Instruments
Measuring Instruments
Optics The Study of Light.
Reflection & Mirrors.
ME: 121 Engineering Practices
Measurements of Length
How to Read a Micrometer
PRINCIPLES OF MECHANICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS For increasing the accuracy of direct observation methods, following mechanical means of magnification are.
Chapter one Linear Equations
Aim: How can we solve graphing problems? Do Now: Combine: to form the formula d = v i t + ½ at 2 Answer Key HW 1.
LINEAR MEASUREMENT.
Unit 1: Measurements Measurement of Length.
Chapter 18 Mirrors and Lenses Mirrors A. Objects and Images in Plane Mirrors. A. Objects and Images in Plane Mirrors. B. Concave Mirrors. B. Concave.
Chapter Representing Motion 2.
Physics Notes Ch 9 Statics Statics – The study of forces in equilibrium. The net force and the net torque on an object (or on a system) are zero. The.
Last Word on Chapter 22 Geometric Optics Images in a Plane Mirror.
R 2R2R a a Today… More on Electric Field: –Continuous Charge Distributions Electric Flux: –Definition –How to think about flux.
Day 2 of Mixing. 1. What are the fab 5? 2. What is the equation in standard form of the line that passes through the point (1, 24) and has a slope of.
Circular Motion. Uniform Circular Motion Motion of an object at constant speed along a circular path.
Lesson Name Outside Micrometer
Measuring Instruments
Chapter 1 Physical Quantities, Units, Measurements and Estimation In the quest to understand nature, scientists use physical quantities to describe the.
Mohammad Dedyardie Takong 08B0904. At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:  State the use of a micrometer screw gauge  Master the techniques.
Micrometer Screw Caliper anvilspindle barrel thimble ratchet.
Chapter 4. Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. **Note: because acceleration depends upon velocity, it is a vector quantity. It has both.
Chapter 15 Refraction. Chapter 15 Objectives Law of Refraction Snell’s Law Recognize the sign conventions for refracting surfaces Characterize images.
Instrument Calibration.  As previously discussed the principle of measurement is comparing a component against a known standard therefore any equipment.
Lab 9: Geometrical optics Only 3 more labs to go!! Today we are going to do three experiments: 1. Measure the intensity of light as a function of distance.
Measurement.
CfE Advanced Higher Physics
Measuring Instruments Ruler 1 A ruler is used to measure lengths from a few cm up to 1 m. A metre rule has an accuracy of 0.1 cm (i.e. 1 mm).
Straightness measurement
Linear measurement.
Micrometer ID and Reading. Micrometer Identification Parts Anvil Spindle Frame Lock Sleeve Thimble Ratchet Measuring Faces.
The Outside Micrometer
Doing Experiments in Physics Shirish R. Pathare Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education Tata Institute of Fundamental Research V. N. Purav Marg, Mankhurd.
Measurments. MEASUREMENT The following information about a body or an event is called measurement. i. Size and nature of a body is described with a scale.
Hooke’s Law. Hooke’s law, elastic limit, experimental investigations. F = kΔL Tensile strain and tensile stress. Elastic strain energy, breaking stress.
Linear Functions.
1 VERNIER CALIPERS 2. USING MEASURING INSTRUMENTS PROPERLY
Writing Linear Equations in Slope-Intercept Form
Micrometers Unit 9.
Experiment to determine Young’s Modulus of a steel wire
VOCATIONAL INTEREST BASIS SK – KD 06
Linear Functions.
Linear Functions.
Errors and Uncertainties
2.4 Writing the Equation of a Line
Foundations of Physical Science
Linear Functions.
SLOPE = = = The SLOPE of a line is There are four types of slopes
8.6.4 Comparing Linear and Nonlinear Functions
2.4 Writing the Equation of a Line
8/29/12 Writing the Equation of a Line
Errors and Uncertainties
Graphing Expectations
Linear Functions.
Linear Functions.
Linear Functions.
Linear Functions.
Measuring Instruments
Linear Functions.
Micrometer Measurement Parts & Readings.
2.4 Writing the Equation of a Line
Presentation transcript:

PHYSICS LAB

VERNIER CALLIPERS It consists of 1.Main Scale (graduated in cm/mm) 2.Vernier Scale

*Least count is the minimum possible length, that can be measured from that apparatus. *If N div. Of V.S. are equal in length to (N-1) M.S.div. Then L.C.=1M.S.-1V.S. [ 1-(N-1)/N ] ms =1ms/N *Reading of Vernier Caliper will be: M.S. reading + (V.S. reading*L.C.)

*What is the length of this piece of chalk?

ZERO ERROR Positive error Negative error Corrections are done opposite to the error.

Screw gauge  There are two scales: 1.Main scale, graduated along the axis of the screw. 2.Cap scale/Head scale (H).

Image: A typical micrometer.

PRINCIPLE: The linear distance moved by the screw head is directly proportional to the amount of rotation given to the screw.  Distance moved on sleeve by screw, after giving one complete revolution is called Pitch.  Let there be ‘N’ divisions on circular scale and on ‘n’ complete rotations screw shifts by one sleeve unit, then Least Count can be given by 1/(n*N).

Thus reading of micrometer can be given by M.S. reading + (C.S. reading*L.C.)

*Here readings has been written in decimeters.

When Spindle touches Anvil, indicator of ‘0’ on circular scale should touch the main scale line at ‘0’. If this doesn’t happen, we call it error (positive/negative).

If the Thimble is yet to reach ‘0’ on main scale, it is positive error and if it has passed that point, it is negative error. Correction is made to satisfy error.

* What is the reading of this micrometer? Given that there are 50 divisions on circular scale. *What if the zero error is -0.25?

SPECIFIC HEAT OF LIQUID USING CALORIMETER  JUST GO THROUGH THE CHAPTER OF CALORIMETRY IN H.C.VERMA’S BOOK.THE PRINCIPLE OF CALORIMETRY IS SIMPLY APPLIED.  ERROR ANALYSIS CAN BE DONE BY THE GENERAL METHOD.

V=I/R  R/R=  V/V+  I/I OHM’S LAW

METER BRIDGE  P/Q = L 1 /(100- L 1 )  ERROR  END-CORRECTION

POST OFFICE BOX S=(P/Q)xR

FOCAL LENGTH OF A CONCAVE MIRROR AND A CONVEX LENS (u-v method)  Formulae :-  mirror : (1/f)=(1/v) + (1/u)  Lens:(1/f)=(1/v) + (1/u) Generalizing, the slope of (1/IvI) vs. (1/IuI) gives a straight line, whose intercept equals (1/IfI).  GIVEN u, v from experimental data, f can be calculated.  ERROR: take log and then differentiate.

Searle’s method for finding Young’s Modulus  Finding the slope of stress vs. strain graph, tan θ = l/W=l/mg  Stress = mg/Лr 2  Strain = l/L  Y=stress/strain = L/(Лr 2 tan θ)  ERROR