©2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Health Policies for Infection Control Prevention Protection Promoting Good Health Implications for Teachers

Health Policies for Infection Control Health Policies should include: Mechanisms of disease spread Immunizations Sanitation Environmental quality control Caregiver methods and practices for minimum risk and maximum health protection ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Spread Via germs and bacteria - organisms that cause diseases Specific child care practices that contribute Infants and toddlers mouth toys, so are more likely to be exposed to organisms that cause disease ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Spread Respiratory Tract Transmission Most common Tiny droplets from eyes, mouth and nose are in air Transmitted through air when another person breathes it in They can multiply and cause illness Hand washing is major deterrent to spread ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Spread Fecal Oral Transmission Germs from one person’s feces find their way into another person’s mouth, are swallowed and get into the digestive system Most common way is when hands are not washed after toileting, before eating, or food preparation Water tables are another method Hand washing is major deterrent to spread ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Spread Direct Contact Transmission Occurs when one person has contact with secretions from an infected person Secretions can be left on doorknobs, toys, and other objects Also occurs with parasites, such as lice  infestation occurs with contact Good hygiene including hand washing and sanitizing are deterrents to spread. ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Spread Blood Contact Transmission Occurs when infected blood of one person enters bloodstream of another person Spread occurs when infected person has cut, scraped skin, or bloody nose and person interacting with infected person has open sore, chapped hands, etc. Can also occur when mucous membranes come into contact with infected blood Disposable gloves should be worn when treating presence of blood Child-biting becomes a serious issue ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Spread ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Universal Sanitary Practices for the Early Childhood Education Environment Handwashing Use Universal Sanitary Hand Washing Procedures Can you describe them? ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Universal Sanitary Practices for the Early Childhood Education Environment Diapering Proper diapering procedures should be followed to avoid the spread of infection ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Universal Sanitary Practices for the Early Childhood Education Environment Toileting This is a good time to teach children about the importance of hand washing ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Universal Sanitary Practices for the Early Childhood Education Environment Cleaning, Sanitizing and Disinfecting Define the difference What constitutes contamination? ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Environmental Quality Control for Disease Prevention Water Play Play Dough and Clay Air Quality Monitor for disease prevention ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Reality Check: The Issue of Head Lice in the Early Childhood Education Environment What about the “no-nits” policy— Does it still work, or should it be thrown out? ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Reality Check: At Risk for Preventable Diseases Why do some children go unimmunized? ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Implications for Teachers Education For Families Role modeling Handwashing especially important ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Implications for Teachers Cultural Competence Immunization Provide resources for connection to source for immunization Supervision Prevent spread Require and monitor immunizations Report some illnesses Exclude some children Be prepared ©2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.