UNCTAD United Nations Conferences on Trade and Development (1964) Presented by:- Presented by:- Arpana Arpana Sweta Mishra Sweta Mishra

contents  Introduction of UN  Organisation of UNCTAD  Why UNCTAD  Principles of UNCTAD  Objectives of UNCTAD  Overview of main Activities  How Does it Works  Meetings  UNCTAD II 1968 New Delhi  Advantages of UNCTAD  Major Achievements  Reports  Participants

United Nations United Nations  United nations is an intergovernmental organizations.  It established on October 24 th,1945  Headquarter – Manhattan, New York City  Its has 193 member state and 2 observer states.  Main office in Geneva, Nairobi and Vienna.  Objective – to promote international cooperation.  6 principle organ:- 1. General Assembly 2. Security Council 3. The Economic and Social Council 4. Secretariat 5. The International Court of Justice 6.United Nations Trusteeship Council

Organizations of UNCTAD Organizations of UNCTAD  United nations conference on trade and development (UNCTAD)  Established in 1964  Its is the principle organ of General Assembly of the United Nations General Assembly. Nations General Assembly.  Headquarter- Geneva, Switzerland.  Head- Supachai Panitchpakd  It has a permanent body- Trade and Development Board  193 members  400 staff members  UNCTAD XIII meeting will be held in Doha, Qatar in  The plenary session of the conference- twice annually …… 55 members.

Trade and Development Board The committee on commodities The committee on Manufactures The committee on Shipping The committee on invisible items and financing related to trade

Why UNCTAD????  To discuss the problem of developing countries  In organized GATT, the IMF and World Bank.  concerns on- International markets, multi-national corporations and great disparity between developing and developed nations.  Goals- to maximize the trade, investment and development opportunities of developing countries.

Principles  Every country has the sovereign right freely to dispose off its natural resources in the economic development and well-being of its own people and freely to trade with other countries.  Economic relations between countries, including - trade relations - trade relations - self discriminations of people - self discriminations of people - non-interference in the internal affairs - non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries. of other countries.  There shall be no discriminations on the basis of differences in socio-economic systems and the adoption of various trading methods and trading policies.

Objectives/functions….. o To promote international trade all over the world. o To formulate Principles and Policies. o To make proposals for putting the said principles and policies into the effect. o To review and facilitate the co-ordination of activities of the other institutions. o To be available as a centre for harmonious trade.

Overview of main activities… Trade and commodities- Commodity diversification and development Competition and consumer policies Trade negotiations and commercial diplomacy Trade analysis and information systems(TRAINS) Trade and Environment Investment and enterprise development International investments and technological arrangements Investment policy reviews Investment guides Empretec Technology and Logistic  ASYCUDA- Automated system for customs data  E- Tourism initiatives  Technology

How Does UNCTAD Work? Commission Meetings Expert Meetings Monitoring of inter- governmental activities A TWO- TRACK PROCESS Research and analytical studies Human resources capacity building Institutional Capacity building Consensus building Policy Analysis Intergovernmental level UNCTAD Secretariat

Meetings….. I. Geneva, 1964 II. New Delhi, 1968 III. Santiago, 1972 IV. Nairobi, 1976 V.Manila, 1979 VI. Belgrade, 1983 VII. Cartagena, Colombia, 1992 VIII. Miranda, South Africa, 1996 IX. Bangkok, Thailand, 2000 X. Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2004 XI. Accra, Ghana, 2008 XII. Doha, Qatar, 2012

UNCTAD II 1968 – New Delhi To reappraise the economic situation and its implementing the recommendation of UNCTAD I. Problems and measures of economic integration and trade and development among developing countries. Special measurements for economic and social up liftment of the least developed among the developing nations.

Advantages of UNCTAD  Training materials is disseminated more efficiently.  Accessibility to material and training in a cost- effective way.  The programme allows students and professionals to learn on their own time, in their own place, at their own pace.  Study materials and lessons are accessible in PDF format for online study.  the programme can reach remote locations in instances where the instructor cannot travel. This way, course participants, policymakers and company managers can be reached in developing countries.

Major Achievements  Identification of exportable products enjoying greater access under the GSP  Operation of a drawback system, whereby import duties payable on raw materials are refunded to manufacturers upon export of finished products  Signing of trade and payments agreements with socialist countries of Eastern Europe  Encouraging establishment of ancillary industries  Introductions of standards and quality control for manufactured goods  Subsidies with respect to rail freight costs incurred in dispatching to domestic ports for direct export, without intermediaries  Participations in trade fairs exhibitions, with financial assistances extended to participants  Advertising to overseas markets

Reports The Trade and Development reportThe Trade and Development report The Trade and Environment reviewThe Trade and Environment review The World Investment reportThe World Investment report The Economic development in Africa reportThe Economic development in Africa report The Least developed countries reportThe Least developed countries report UNCTAD StatisticsUNCTAD Statistics The Information Economy reportThe Information Economy report The Review of Maritime TransportThe Review of Maritime Transport The International Accounting and Reporting Issues Annual reviewThe International Accounting and Reporting Issues Annual review

Who participates…. Government delegates from 193 countries Government delegates from 193 countries International Institutions International Institutions Parliamentarians Parliamentarians Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurs Academics Academics NGOs and IGOs NGOs and IGOs Media Media

Thank You