V2V Communication and ITS Implications Prof. Umit Ozguner TRC Inc. Chair on ITS The Ohio State University July 31, 2007 ozguner.1@osu.edu Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab Overview Applications V2V VI . Testbeds V2V & VI Simulator Research issues Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab V2V & V2I Testbed at The Ohio State University Center for Automotive Research and Intelligent Transportation The V2V & V2I Testbed presently has 3 outfitted vehicles and 2 base stations. Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

OSU Testbed: Field Tests in an Open Area Receiver moved at x km/hr towards the stationary transmitter Measured using DSRC radios: Received Power Bit Error Rate Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

OSU Testbed: Curve Hopping SDC at 5.9 GHz LDC at 220 MHz ●　Hopping measurement at curve Place : SDC Received Power ≧ LDC Received Power Vehicle 1(accident vehicle) (With LDC and SDC systems) LDC Vehicle 1 (Stop, Hazard on) Vehicle 2 (Guest’s vehicle) (With LDC and SDC systems) LDC SDC Vehicle 3 (Hopping vehicle) (With only SDC system) Hopping Communication Area SDC Communication Area SDC SDC Communication Area Vehicle 3 Vehicle 2 (Stop) Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

OSU Testbed: Blind Intersection ●　Head-to-head encounter accident prevention at blind intersection Vehicle 1 (Accident vehicle) (It has LDC and SDC systems.) Vehicle 2 (Guest’s vehicle) (It has LDC and SDC systems.) Building Building LDC LDC 1. Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 run into each other. 2. Vehicles can’t observe each other, because of building. Vehicles transmits vehicle location each other. 3. Vehicle receives packet and tells driver warning. Building Building Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

OSU Testbed: Long Distance Communication Vehicle 1 (Accident vehicle) (It has LDC and SDC systems.) ●　Transmit incident warning occurred at long distance, and tell driver incident warning Vehicle 2 (Guest’s vehicle) (It has LDC and SDC systems.) Warning information about vehicle 1 1) Distance between vehicles: 7 km “Accident 7 km Ahead!” 2) Distance between vehicles: 3 km “Accident 3 km Ahead!” 3) Distance between vehicles: 1 km “Accident 1 km Ahead!” 4) Distance between vehicles: 700 m “Car Stopping 700 m Ahead!” 5) Distance between vehicles: 300 m “Car Stopping 300 m Ahead!” 6) Distance between vehicles: 100 m “Car Stopping 100 m Ahead!” x km Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

OSU Testbed: Picture Transmission: V2V or VI Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Safety Needs Investigation by a complex simulation environment Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Research Directions: Urban Multi-hop Broadcast (UMB) Directional Broadcast Packet dissemination along the road Source Vehicle The furthest vehicle in the transmission range of the source vehicle Intersection Broadcast Start new directional broadcasts along other road segments UMB protocol is composed of two components, namely directional broadcast and intersection broadcast. Directional broadcast controls the packet dissemination along a road segment. This protocol assigns the duty of forwarding and acknowledging the broadcast packet only to the furthest vehicle. When there is an intersection in the path of the message dissemination, new directional broadcasts are initiated by the repeater located at the intersection. GOALS 1. High reliability by acknowledged message delivery 2. Low induced traffic in single and multi-hop scenarios Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Possible Additional Directions Source Destination Area: An exit of a highway Source Destination Position (x, y) Unicast Geocast Design Goal: Send packets to a single node whose position is known. Possible Destinations: Other vehicles, gas stations, restaurants Design Goal: Send packets to a group of nodes in a geographic region. Possible Destination: Nodes around a highway exit Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Other research direction: Internet Access in Vehicular Networks Goal: Internet access in vehicles Objectives: Providing high end-to-end throughput Preventing starvation of vehicles far away from the gateways INTERNET Gateway A Gateway B Service Area of Gateway A Service Area of Gateway B Internet access is accomplished through fixed internet gateways along the road. : Physical transmission range Vehicles communicate with distant gateways via multi-hopping. Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Other Infrastructure at Ohio State: Kansei: A hybrid testbed Generic Platform Array Acoustic & Seismic Environmental Testing by coupling a generic platform array (located in warehouse) with multiple domain sensing/comm arrays (ported to fields) Multimodal Mobile Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab End-to-end experimentation enabled via service components, exposed via web interface (and soon as web services) Code Deployment Scheduling Job Control (Stop, Suspend, Resume, Move) Orchestration (Multi-phase jobs) Testbed Health State Injection Data and Experiment Status Frequency and Key Management Contact Prof. A. Aurora: Anish Arora <anish@cse.ohio-state.edu> Possibility of linkage and interaction being considered. The OSU-V2V testbed can provide realistic data to be then emulated on KANSEI. KANSEI can provide (in real time) an aggregated model of “the rest of the city”. Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab

Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab Some Selected References: “Ohio State University Bus Location Information System", Proceedings of the Intelligent Transportation Society of America 8th Annual Meeting and Exposition, pp. 1-9, Detroit, May 1998. (Keith A. Redmill, John I. Martin, and U. Ozguner) "Wireless Issues in ITS," Proc. Int. Symp. on Antennas and Propogation, Fukuoka, Japan, June 2000. (Plenary Talk). (Ümit Özgüner, Brian Baertlein and Mike Fitz) “Inter-vehicle Communication Recent Developments at Ohio State University”, Proceedings of IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium, France, June 2002. (Ü. Özgüner, F. Özgüner, M. Fitz, O. Takeshita, K. Redmill, W. Zhu, and A. Dogan) “A MAC Layer Protocol for Real-time Inter-vehicle Communication”, Proceedings of IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Singapore, September 2002, pp. 353-358. (Abhishek Pal, Atakan Dogan, Füsun Özgüner, and Ümit Özgüner) "Evaluation on Intersection Collision Warning System Using Inter-vehicle Communication Simulator", Atakan Dogan, Gokhan Korkmaz, Yiting Liu, Fusun Ozguner, Umit Ozguner, Keith Redmill, Oscar Takeshita, Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2004. Proceedings. 2004 IEEE, Oct. 2004, Washington, D.C., USA, Pages: 1103-1108 “Urban Multi-Hop Broadcast Protocol for Inter-Vehicle Communication Systems,” VANET 2004, Boston, ( G. Korkmaz, E. Ekici, F. Ozguner, U. Ozguner) "A complete simulator architecture for inter-vehicle Communication Based Intersection Warning Systems,"in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vienna, Austria, 2005, pp. 461-466, ( Avila, G. Korkmaz, Y. Liu, H. Teh, E. Ekici, F. Ozguner, U. Ozguner, K. Redmill, O. Takeshita, K. Tokuda, M. Hamaguchi, S. Nakabayashi, and H. Tsutsui) The slides represent the work of the OSU V2V Team. Prof. M. Fitz, Dr. A. Dogan, Prof. E. Ekici, Prof. F. Ozguner, Prof. U. Ozguner, Dr. K. Redmill and Prof. O. Takeshita have participated. The publications listed above are from Prof. U. Ozguner. Those interested can contact other OSU V2V Team members. Control and Intelligent Transportation Research Lab