EXPOSURE How we can manipulate shutter speed, aperture & ISO to achieve different visual results

Pin Hole Cameras First camera-like device invented by the Ancient Chinese & Greeks Consists of a pin-sized hole that allows light to enter a box through a tiny hole and project an image of the object onto a surface Film or Sensor

RECAP Camera = device that captures reflected light First camera was the pin-hole invented by the Ancient Chinese & Greek Exposure = the amount of light the film or sensor is exposed to Photographers control how much light is let into the camera by manipulating: shutter speed - how fast the mirror opens/closes aperture - the opening in the lens bigger opening, smaller f-stop number, more light let in. smaller opening, bigger f-stop number, less light let in. ISO - how sensitive the film or sensor is to light lower ISO = less sensitive = less grain = less noise Higher ISO = more sensitive = more grain = more noise

Don’t have a tripod? You can use ANY FLAT, STILL surface as a tripod! Table Chair Ledge Ladder Cabinet Counter top the floor

Does your camera have a timer setting? Set the camera up, put it on a short timer Step back and let the camera take the pic!

Long Exposure

Long Exposure Slow Shutter Speed

Short Exposure Fast Shutter Speed

Measured in f-stop Smaller number = bigger hole = more light Smaller number = bigger hole = more light Larger number = smaller hole = less light Larger number = smaller hole = less light

Why not use a high ISO all the time? The higher your ISO, the more you will see “grain” and “digital noise” in your picture Use as low an ISO as possible! Better cameras cope with this better than cheaper ones More important that megapixels! Pixels

Which has the high ISO?

Depth of Field The area of your picture that is in focus. The extent to which your picture is in focus through space

LARGE SMALL Lots in focus High f-stop Small area in focus Low f-stop

Which has the higher aperture? Which has the higher aperture? High f-stop = smaller hole = large dof = more in focus

Shallow (small) DOF Low f-stop (small #, big hole) = SHALLOW DEPTH OF FIELD Less of the picture is in focus Lots of blurry parts Lots of “depth” shown Depth = sense of going ‘backwards’

Deep (large) DOF High Aperture used (high #, smaller hole) = Deep Depth of Field MORE parts are in focus LESS sense of “depth”

Small or Large DOF? ShallowDeep

LARGE

SMALL

LARGE

SMALL

Reminder: 25 Repetition & Patterns pictures due Tuesday Next Tuesday: 25 Shadows/Reflections!