Where do we stand and where do we need to go? Monday, 6 April th Asia Economic Forum Douglas Broderick, UN Resident Coordinator Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 9/14/2015

Global Economic Crisis and CMDGs Economic crisis impacting ALL economies around the world Economic crisis impacting ALL economies around the world It is a direct threat to our collective efforts to reach the CMDGs It is a direct threat to our collective efforts to reach the CMDGs The UN is deeply concerned about impact will have on developing countries- particularly for the poorest of the poor. The UN is deeply concerned about impact will have on developing countries- particularly for the poorest of the poor. In a time of crisis, when more and more people face being pushed into poverty, world needs MDGs more than ever. In a time of crisis, when more and more people face being pushed into poverty, world needs MDGs more than ever. 9/14/2015

1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger Achievements Achievements  Poverty declining  Overall food security improving  Maternal malnutrition decreasing  Chronic malnutrition decreasing 9/14/2015

1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger Gaps Gaps  Inequality is increasing  Acute Malnutrition among poor urban children increased  Rural Poverty still very high 35% versus under 1% in Phnom Penh 9/14/2015

1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger Recommendations Recommendations 1. Parliamentary oversight 2. Pro-Poor Policies need- Strong democracy, rule of law and good governance 3. Increase economic competitiveness 4. Nutrition and Food Monitoring 9/14/2015

2. Achieve Universal Nine Year Basic Education Achievements Achievements  Primary Enrolments 93%  Primary Survival 59.3 %  Reduction in gender gap, male and female students 9/14/2015

2. Achieve Universal Nine Year Basic Education Gaps Gaps  40% of children do not finish primary school  Lower and upper secondary enrolment still below targets  Gender inequalities increase in lower and upper secondary 9/14/2015

2. Achieve Universal Nine Year Basic Education Recommendations Recommendations 1. Quality of Education 2. Child Friendly Schools 3. School feeding programme 4. Increase scholarships 5. Link curriculum to job market needs

9/14/ Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Achievements Achievements  Equality enshrined in Constitution  Cambodia signatory to CEDAW  More girls complete primary school  Vigorous work to mainstream gender  21 ministries have Gender Mainstreaming Action Plans  Increased representation

9/14/ Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Gaps Gaps  Discrimination continues  Cambodia ranks very low on international measures of gender equality  Violence against women  Domestic violence (1 in 10 women)  Gender equality not achieved for secondary education  Economic vulnerability of women  Links to MDG 5 and MDG 6

9/14/ Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Recommendations Recommendations 1. Support change in attitude and behaviour 2. Implement Law on Domestic Violence 3. Legally define “discrimination” and sanction acts of discrimination 4. Support vocational training for garment workers 5. Reduce vulnerability women migrants 6. Prioritize secondary education of girls

9/14/ Reduce Child Mortality & 5. Improve Maternal Health  1 Cambodian woman dies every 5 hours  MDG 5 no progress since 2000 “No woman should die giving life”

9/14/ Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Achievements Achievements  On track for HIV & AIDS  2% in 1998 to 0.9% in 2007  92% adults receiving anti-retroviral therapy  Decreasing incidence of malaria, dengue fever and TB

9/14/ Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Gaps Gaps  Prevalence among at-risk populations unacceptably high  Husband to wife (42%)  Mother to child (35%)  Key populations are also stigmatized sex workers, MSM, injecting drug users, out of school youth

9/14/ Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Recommendations Recommendations  Focus prevention interventions to most at-risk  Supportive policy and legislative environment to prevent new infections  Universal access  Universal PMTCT services  Greater investments to protect orphans and children affected by HIV/AIDS and other vulnerable children

9/14/ Ensure Environmental Sustainability Achievements Achievements  Forestry reform helping to maintain forest coverage  Eco-tourism sites established  Community fishery and community forestry  Access to safe water  Spotlight on sanitation in 2008

9/14/ Ensure Environmental Sustainability Gaps Gaps  Weak Institutional and legal framework to protect environment including climate change  Unsustainable resource use  Sanitation targets are off track

9/14/ Ensure Environmental Sustainability Recommendations Recommendations 1. More accountability and coordination natural resource management including climate change consideration 2. Improve the living conditions of the rural poor

9/14/ Develop a global partnership for development Achievements Achievements  Conservation of Angkor Temples  Sector-wide approaches  UNDAF  Donors subscribe to Paris Declaration

9/14/ Develop a global partnership for development Gaps Gaps  Overseas Development Assistance fragmented  Insufficient donor coordination on sectoral issues  Too many systems for procurement, disbursement, auditing and monitoring

9/14/ Develop a global partnership for development Recommendations Recommendations 1. At the country level, donors need to continue to support the Paris Declaration for Aid Effectiveness 2. At the global level, UN Secretary General is encouraging global cooperation.

9/14/ De-mining, UXO, Victim Assistance Achievements Achievements  Casualty rates have dropped from 858 in 2000 to 266 in 2008  RGC established landmine transparent mine clearance process  Socio-economic benefit to communities

9/14/ De-mining, UXO, Victim Assistance Gaps Gaps  Need to continue good work until number of casualties is zero  Need to maintain victim assistance  Need more support for people with disabilities

9/14/ De-mining, UXO, Victim Assistance Recommendations Recommendations 1. Legislation for persons with disabilities 2. Increase funding to the CMAA 3. Sign the Convention to Ban Cluster Munitions