NDHS Neonatal Mortality Rate33/1000 live births Infant mortality rate48/1000 live births Under 5 mortality rate61/1000 live births Perinatal Mortality rate45/1000 pregnancies Maternal mortality rate281/100,000 live births

Millennium development goal indicators Goal 1 – Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target – reduce by ½ between 1990 and 2015 Prevalence of underweight children <5 yrs. of age %38%27%

Goal – 4 – Reduce Child mortality Target reduced by 2/3 rd between 1990 and I.M.R U5 MR % of <1 yr old child immunized against measles 42%85%90%

Goal 5 – Improve Maternal Health Target – Reduce 3/4 th between 1990 and MMR Birth attended by SBA 7%18.7%60%

The Convention on the Right of the Child

A. Legislation and other measures Adopted children’s Act (1992) Adopted Child labour (Prohibition and regulation) Act (1999 – 2000) Adopted Kamaiya Prohibition Act (2002) Establishment of on OHCHR office (2005) 10 year national action plan for children (2005 – 2015) Ministry of women, children and social welfare setup (1995) National human right commission establishment (2000)

B. Discrimination against the girl child Preference for son persists. child marriage still occurs. Practice of dowry persists Recently status of girl child is addressed through number of strategies: –Primary education initiative –Scholarships –Reproductive health education Legal age for marriage raised from 16 yrs to 18 yrs

C. Children in difficult circumstances Made significant progress in community based rehabilitation (CBR) Street children significant number – supported and rehabilitated only through NGO sector Child labour remains a major problem Practice of bonding children as domestic servants and laborers has been outlawed

The burden of HIV/AIDS in the child population is increasing Women trafficking across the India – Nepal border is quite high, most of them <18 yrs One decade of conflict and civil disturbances has affected in children's health, education etc. Children being directly involved in the conflict for last decade

D. Curative services Made efforts to extend curative services to the community level Home based care for children provided by female community health volunteers (FCHVs) Rapid growth in child care through private health care system

E. Vaccine preventable disease immunization coverage BCG90.5% DPT84.3% Hepatitis B83.0% Polio84.0% Measles82.5%

F. Integrated management of childhood illness (Diarrhoeal diseases, ARI, measles, malaria, malnutrition) (CB-IMCI) Covers 48 districts out of 75 districts IMCI has been introduced in the curriculum of some medical and paramedical institutions Zinc supplementation and low osmolar ORS introduced in 27 districts

G. Newborn health Community based maternal newborn care package (CBMNCP) approved by government and piloting will be done in 5 districts in near future.

Thank you.