Taking a Stand in History: People, Ideas, Events Marsha Ingrao, Instructional Consultant marshai@tcoe.org

Internet Research Session #2

Charting Progress Starting at the bottom of the graph, put a dot on the graph if you have collected information from the source listed.

Norms Use words and actions that are respectful. Communicate with both yourself and others in mind. Encourage the exchange of ideas. Listen attentively with the intention to understand.

Agenda Step One Selecting Topic – Review Step Two : Begin Researching Secondary Sources Online Primary Sources Online Internet Quality Check Step Three: Documentation Bibliography Process Paper

Review: Evaluating Web Sources What is the domain? edu=education Gov=government Org=organization Com=commercial ~=personal page example: .edu/~lincoln Credentials of the author Name of organization Websites that link to your site

Search Engines Efficient ways to search Differences among search engines

Partner Reflection If we had unlimited time we could search forever. With all the search engines available, which one or ones seem to fit your needs best? What surprised you in this activity?

Windows Opening Keep one window open. http://citationmachine.net/ Keep your note taking window open (Cornell notes) Keep your process paper open.

Use Primary Sources Learn about your topic using primary sources. Primary Sources are documents that are created by: people who participated in the events or; people who witnessed the event.

Types of Primary Sources Written Documents (diaries, memos, reports, deeds, wills, official records, personal records) Photographs Cartoons Posters Maps Artifacts Sound recordings Motion pictures

Recent Primary Sources Recent is considered anytime in the past 60 years. There is usually someone still alive who has participated in events that you can email, phone, or write.

Time and Place Rule “This rule says the closer in time and place a source and its creator were to the event in the past, the better the source will be.” Library of Congress Learning Page

Evaluating Primary Sources Test reliability of a primary source Time and Place Rule Bias Rule Crosscheck Questions to Ask Yourself Web Sources

Bias Rule “Says that every source is biased in some way. Documents tell us only what the creator of the document thought happened, or perhaps only what the creator wants us to think happened… Every piece of evidence and every source must be read or viewed skeptically and critically. No piece of evidence should be taken at face value. The creator's point of view must be considered. Each piece of evidence and source must be cross-checked and compared with related sources and pieces of evidence.” Library of Congress Learning Page

Partner Reflection What ideas might you be having about how will you could scaffold this process to make it easier for your students?

Primary Sources on the Internet National Archives and Records Administration NARA Digital Classroom Library of Congress: American Memory The Avalon Project at Yale Law School Bartleby.com Search Quotations

Cartoon Analysis Worksheet Political cartoons www.archives.gov Cartoon Analysis Worksheet

Analyzing Political Cartoons Three Levels of Analysis Record what you see. Record feelings and symbols. Search for deeper meaning.

Photo Analysis Worksheet Three steps Record what you can touch. Hypothesize or infer. Record questions raised.

Analyzing Photos

Practice Using ARC enter “533461” as a keyword to put together an oral report and slide show or PowerPoint presentation using as "slides" digital images on the computer screen. Copy 3-7 pictures into a power point presentation Analyze them in the slide following each photo.

Written Document Analysis Worksheet Six Steps Type of document Physical Qualities Date Author Audience Information in document

Written Document Use the worksheet to analyze document. http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/jackie-robinson/letter-1958.html

Quotations Use quotations often to make a point. Explain your reactions to the quote as it pertains to the theme or your thesis.

Step Four: Continue Researching Public Libraries University Libraries Historical Societies – Local for the area your are studying Other organizations Museums Book/video stores Historic Sites

Local Library Public Library (local historic photos available online) Librarians – a great resource Reference books General historical works Internet access Videos Historical novels News clippings of local events Special collections Historical monographs (A scholarly piece of writing of essay or book length on a specific, often limited subject. )

University Libraries Librarians – (can make searching go faster) Historical Atlasses Popular magazines Previous studies on your topic

State and Local Historical Societies Sometimes offer scholarships or want to display your work when you are finished Manuscript collections Letters and diaries Papers of prominent local individuals Oral history collections Birth, marriage and death records Photographs Pamphlets State Commission reports Historical object collections

Organizations Churches Fraternal organizations Ethnic societies Political parties or organizations Corporations Veterans Groups Community Centers

Video Store Amazon.com Powells.com Local video store

Visiting Historical Sites You get a feel for where the event took place. You can take your own pictures. You can find experts. The site may have its own research collection. Call or write for appointments to get the best results.

Summer Institute ATTENTION TEACHERS: National History Day Is holding the second summer institute in Williamsburg, VA.