Events that lead to the Civil War

Key Issues leading to the Civil War Slavery States’ Rights Nullification Missouri Compromise Compromise of 1850 Georgia’s platform Kansas Nebraska Act Dred Scott Case Election of 1860

Slavery 1750s– Slavery was allowed in Georgia Slavery grew with the invention of the Cotton Gin South’s Economy became dependent on Cotton Which means….. North became industrialized

Slavery Many began to defend slavery as a “necessary good” Northern abolitionists writers spoke out against slavery and called for it to end Fredrick Douglass William Lloyd Garrison Harriet Beecher Stowe

Slavery Georgia wanted slavery to expand and was not in favor of the abolitionist movement in the north As western states were formed South hoped for slavery in those states North hoped for slavery to stay where it was and NOT spread to new states

Left Hand Assignment Pg. 86 Divide your paper into two parts. Label one NORTH and one SOUTH Use your notes to find the following… What each economy was based on each sides view on slavery What each side wanted from the western territories Write Neatly Use COMPLETE SENTENCES At least two pictures colored.

States’ Rights States’ Rights— The amount of decision making power a state government has in relation to the amount of power held by the federal government in making decisions. The belief that states should make their own decisions. North- function as one-states should follow laws made by Congress, signed by the president, or ordered by the court. South- States’ rights-had the right to govern themselves. VS.

Nullification Nullification The idea of voiding and not following national laws within a state 1828-- The United States Congress passed a tariff (tax) on foreign imports to protect American manufacturing.

Nullification Crisis- 1832 South Carolina argued that the tariff was unconstitutional. President Andrew Jackson threatened to send troops South to enforce the law. South Carolina backed down.

What do you think? Left hand pg. 88 Should a state have the right to nullify a federal law if it is harmful to that state? Write your opinion in paragraph form using at least 5 good sentences. One colored picture to support your ideas.

Attempts to keep it together… For almost 40 years acts and compromises were put in place to try to “band-aid” any slavery issues Were successful for short term War between the North and South was inevitable “A House divided against itself cannot stand”

Balancing States- Free and Slave Missouri wanted to join the United States as a slave state. Northern states wanted to let Missouri join only if there was a balance. Congress tried to find a way to keep a balance between slave and free states.

Missouri Compromise -1820 Missouri was allowed to join as a slave state. Maine joined at the same time as a free state to keep the balance ( 12 free and 12 slave). A latitude line was established (36° N) to divide future slave from free states. The compromise lasted 30 years.

Left side Assignment pg. 90 Use page 366 in your Text 1 Left side Assignment pg. 90 Use page 366 in your Text 1. Find Maine and Missouri and give them different colors. 2. Then place the 36 ° N line where it belongs. In RED. 3. Finally identify the area that is free and that which is slave shade them in different colors. Finally, identify, color, and label the other territories Oregon Territory Michigan Territory Unorganized Territory New Spain

More Land= More Compromise War with Mexico added more land to the United States in 1848. Texas joined the U.S. as a slave state in 1845. Territories of New Mexico and Utah were created. California gold strike led to their wish to join the U.S. as a new state.

The Compromise of 1850 California joined as a free state. Slavery was abolished in Washington D.C. The Fugitive Slave Act was passed to satisfy the Southern states. All escaping slaves had to legally be returned to their owners.

Compromise of 1850 Map

The Georgia Platform- 1850 Georgia would support the Compromise if the Fugitive Slave Act was enforced. Georgians also wanted the North to stop trying to ban slavery in new states. Alexander Stephens led the effort to support the Union of the country. The Georgia Platform postponed war and secession.

Circle Map Compromise of 1850 Left Hand page 94 The Compromise Of 1850.

Kansas-Nebraska Act- 1854 The Kansas and Nebraska territories were expected to soon join the U.S. It gave people in each territory the right to vote for slavery or not (popular sovereignty). Pro-slavery people moved to Kansas to sway the vote towards slavery. Anti-slavery forces sent people to sway the vote for a free state. The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise.

Kansas/Nebraska Map

Violence Violence broke out “Bleeding Kansas” Kansas finally voted to become a free state. Southern states felt the vote was unfair. Kansas-Nebraska Act greatly divided the nation and destroyed the Missouri Compromise and Compromise of 1850

LH p. 96 Divide your paper into 3 sections. Label them as follows… Missouri Compromise The Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Nebraska Act Decide which heading each box describes. Cut the boxes apart and glue them in the appropriate section. Each section should contain 1 pictured colored.

Dred Scott- 1857 He was a slave from Missouri. Slave State OR Free State???? Dred Scott- 1857 He was a slave from Missouri. He sued for his freedom in the United States Supreme Court but lost. They said he could not sue for his freedom because he was not a citizen.

Election of 1860 A new anti-slavery party was formed called the Republicans. Abraham Lincoln was the Republican candidate for president. Lincoln won by a majority of electoral votes, but not popular (people’s) votes. No southern states supported him in the election. Georgia seceded from the Union in Jan. 1861

Election of 1860 map

Election Chart - 1860 The Election of 1860 Candidate Georgia Vote Popular U.S. Vote Electoral Vote John Bell 42,960 592,906 39 John Breckinridge 52,176 858,356 72 Stephen A. Douglas 11,581 1,382,713 12 Abraham Lincoln None 765,593 180 TOTALS 106,717 4,689,568 303

Secession- 1861 Lincoln’s victory caused southern states to debate secession (leave the Union). They believed Lincoln would end slavery everywhere. South Carolina voted to secede unanimously. Alexander Stephens argued to keep Georgia from seceding. Georgia chose in a close vote to secede in January of 1861. 11 states seceded -- Confederate States of America formed. Jefferson Davis became their first president. Alexander Stephens became vice president.

Alexander Stephens Governor of Georgia (after civil war) US Congressman Supported Compromise of 1850 and Kansas/Nebraska Act US Senator After Election of 1860 he was the biggest advocate for staying in the United States Vice President of the Confederacy

Left Side Assignment Pg Left Side Assignment Pg. 98- Disunion Timeline Place the following events in a timeline The Missouri Compromise The Tariff of Abomination The Nullification Crisis Texas becomes a state. Gold was discovered in California The Compromise of 1850 The Kansas- Nebraska Act The Dred Scott case. The election of 1860. Georgia secedes (look in the text!)

Map of the United States- 1861 (blank)

Map of United States- late 1861 (completed) NY PA OH DE IN IL VA MD CA KS MO KY NC TN AR SC GA MS AL TX LA FL