Five Minute Writing Assignment What was the dynastic cycle in Ancient China? Dynastic Cycle: Pattern of the rise and fall of dynasties What was the first ruling dynasty in Ancient China? Shang Dynasty

Five Minute Writing Assignment List two of the Ancient Chinese philosophies discussed during our last class. For each philosophy, list two characteristics. Philosophy #1 – _________________ Characteristics - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Philosophy #2 – _________________

Still Unit 2! (Last Civilization before TEST!) H I N A Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.

Political Ruled by dynasties As Mesopotamia and Egypt were declining, Shang Dynasty in China was rising to power Shang Dynasty Mandate of Heaven: Justification through right of God Dynastic Cycle: Pattern of the rise and fall of dynasties Feudalism: nobles have permission from Kings to own and work king’s land

Economic Because of China’s isolation by natural barriers, early settlers had to supply their own goods within China Not much trade outside of China

Religious Family and Religion are closely linked Prayed to ancestors because they thought their ancestors could bring them luck or disaster Consulted the gods through ancestors

Chinese Religion/Philosophy What is a philosophy? What you believe/doctrine/theory. Look for word to end in, “ism” Example: ? Confucianism Daoism Legalism

Chinese Religion/Philosophy Terms to know: Filial piety: respect your elders Feudalism: system of government, based on land owners and tenants. Also, economic system. Dynasty: pass rule from father to son. Ruling family. Seer: predicts future (Oracle Bones)

Confucius Say … Not a religion! (came from teaching of Kongfuzi) Harmony in Society: (Book  Analects) Five Basic Relationships 1. father to son = son does what father says 2. older brother is the boss= younger must obey 3. husband to wife = wife must obey 4. ruler to subject 5. friend to friend = friends are equal

Daoism/Taoism Founder: Laozi Book: Dao De Jing Philosophy: The less government the better. Harmony with nature. (ancient hippies) Peace within yourself All are equal

Daoism/Taoism Natural Rhythms of Life: Yin/Yang Yin and Yang: forces that effect your everyday life. “If you don’t want to be robbed, don’t fill your house with gold.” Yin – white, female, earth and passive Yang – black, male, heaven and active

Legalism Founder: Henfeizi Used legal codes and laws to rule. Rich rewards Harsh punishments Philosophy: Most people are naturally selfish and people pursue their own interests. (came about after 250 years of war)

Social Society was sharply divided between nobles and peasants Family was central to society Had arranged marriages Group was more important than the individual

Intellectual Shang Dynasty was the first to leave written records Oracle Bones: animal bone or tortoise shells where priests scratched questions for gods then applied heat until it cracked. Then they priests interpreted the cracks

Intellectual No connection between written and spoken Chinese Advantage: ? Disadvantage: ? Advantage - Someone can read Chinese without knowing how to speak it

LOVE HAPPY

Achievements Oldest Shang city – Anyang built in the woods mainly from wood Had massive earth walls for protection Found a wall 118 feet thick and 1.2 square miles

Achievements Introduced the chariot – a major tool of war Skilled in bronze work, silk and weapons

Achievements During the Zhou Dynasty they: Built roads and canals Developed blast furnaces that allowed them to produce cast iron

Geography Surrounded by natural barriers in all directions: North: Gobi Desert East: Pacific Ocean South: Himalaya Mountains West: Taklaman Desert

GOBI DESERT TAKLIMAKAN DESERT PACIFIC OCEAN HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS

Geography Fertile plain found between 2 major rivers 1. Huang He (Yellow River) Floods left behind LOESS: yellow silt 2. Yangtze River Flooded unpredictably

Huang He (Yellow River)

Huang He (Yellow River)

Yangtze River

Yangtze River