QUIZ MONDAY!!! Friday Jan 9-Week 1 TOPIC: Organisms obtaining Energy  OBJ : 1-3 DO NOW: EXT: DUE DATE: DW: 8.2 BK PG/RDG Qs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- EXIT: Fill in your level of understanding AND Explain how the function of ATP in a cell is like that of a battery in a car. Science of Life What was the role of BTB in our Elodea lab? QUIZ MONDAY!!! HANDOUTS to PICK-UP: -8.2 Book Pages -8.2 Reading Questions SEMINAR 2: BEFORE/AFTER SCHOOL: DW- None -Review Lab -Go over 8.1 Application notes -Start 8.2 Book Pages/Reading Questions/Vocab ABSENT AGENDA

FRIDAY DO NOW Q: What was the role of BTB in our Elodea Lab?   Friday: ___1__/__9___ OBJECTIVE…#_1-3____ TOPIC: Organisms obtaining Energy Daily Work Grade-  None DW GRADE: 2 1 0 DO NOW Q: What was the role of BTB in our Elodea Lab? A: BTB is a pH indicator. Since CO2 is slightly acidic, the BTB changed from blue to green. This was helpful in showing us whether or not CO2 was present. Therefore, we were able to conclude whether photosynthesis had occurred or not.

Today’s Objectives 1- COMPARE/CONTRAST autotrophs and heterotrophs PREREQUISITES: 1- COMPARE/CONTRAST autotrophs and heterotrophs   2- REVIEW the carbon cycle 8.1 HOW ORGANISMS OBTAIN ENERGY 1- SUMMARIZE the two laws of thermodynamics     2- DESCRIBE/ EXPLAIN ATP & how it works in the cell    3- COMPARE how processes of cellular energy are related to each other

These should be done by test day! Vocabulary  energy  thermodynamics  metabolism  photosynthesis  cellular respiration  ATP (adenosine triphosphate)-  ADP (adenosine diphosphate)- These should be done by test day!

LAB: photosynthesis & respiration PRELAB: IDENTIFY VARIABLES/ CONTROLS:   IV-INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: _________________________ DV-DEPENDENT VARIABLE: _________________________ CONTROL: _________________________ CONSTANTS: -____________________________ ENVIRONMENT [ plant- dark/light] presence [amt] of CO2 / O2 beaker C [ dark environment] & D [light envirnt] # drops of BTB amount of H2O time [24 hrs] size of elodea [plant]

LAB: photosynthesis & respiration CONCLUSION: (1-3 bulleted statements each) 1- EXPLAIN why bromothymol blue was used in this experiment.  -identify presence of CO2   2-EXPLAIN why the bromothymol blue indicator changed color after blowing into the flask -bubbles contained CO2 -CO2 is slightly acidic 3- IDENTIFY the purpose of placing the Elodea in Flask A & B.  -possibility of observing photosynthesis (presence of O2) 4-ANALYZE why differences were observed between the Elodea in the light and the Elodea in the dark. -photosynthesis reaction STARTS with LIGHT ENERGY -no light was present in the dark

LAB: photosynthesis & respiration CONCLUSION: (1-3 bulleted statements each) 5-EXPLAIN the process of photosynthesis. -autotrophs CAPTURE light energy -CONVERT light energy to chemical energy -RELEASE O2 as a “waste product” -STORE chemical energy as glucose   6-IDENTIFY how the results demonstrate the requirements necessary for this process to occur. -beaker A [plant/light]: BTB back to blue (more O2 present than CO2) -beaker B [plant/dark]: BTB still green- light energy not captured to start process of photosynthesis. 7-PROPOSE possible future applications and adaptations.

TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY COMPARE the laws about how energy flows. Give EX of each:   1st LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS DEFINED entropy- EXAMPLE -Law of Conservation of Energy -Energy never created or destroyed -Energy is transformed or converted -Energy cannot be converted w/o the loss of usable energy -When lost-usually converted into thermal energy Measure of disorder or unusable energy Food  Run Food Chains— usable energy decreases

TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY INSERT the terms above to complete the passage: The group that makes their own food is ______________________________. The organisms in this group are called ____________________. The group that must eat other organisms for food is _______________________. Some organisms get their energy from inorganic substances, such as hydrogen sulfide. These organisms are called _________________________. GROUP B AUTOTROPHS GROUP A HETEROTROPHS CHEMOAUTOTROPHS

ORGANISM’S SOURCE OF ENERGY AUTOTROPHS- organisms make their own food -plants/some bacteria 1-photo-autotrophs—convert light energy from the SUN to chemical energy 2-chemo-autotrophs—make food with chemicals HETEROTROPHS- organisms ingest food to get energy -animals Black smoker- Atlantic ocean

TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY SEQUENCE the flow of energy from the SUN to heterotrophs -PLANTS/AUTOTROPHS [ capture energy from the SUN] -CONVERT light energy to CHEMICAL ENERGY -chemical energy STORED [glucosecarbohydrates] -HETEROTROPHS obtain chemical energy by EATING autotrophs/heterotrophs]

chemical energy AUTOTROPHS light energy HETEROTROPHS HETEROTROPHS chemicalmechanical thermal

METABOLISM METABOLISM IDENTIFY the type of metabolic pathway(s) described below. STAND UP SIT DOWN catabolic anabolic -energy released / breaks down particles catabolic anabolic -energy used/ builds larger molecules from smaller molecules catabolic anabolic -provides continual flow of energy within an organism catabolic anabolic -PHOTOSYNTHESIS catabolic anabolic -RESPIRATION

BIG MOLECULES small molecules METABOLIC PATHWAYS -CATABOLIC: -CELLULAR RESPIRATION BREAK DOWN PARTICLES / RELEASE ENERGY BIG MOLECULES small molecules -ANABOLIC: -PHOTOSYNTHESIS BUILD BIG MOLECULES USE ENERGY FROM CATABOLIC small molecules  BIG MOLECULES continual flow ENERGY within organisms

METABOLISM METABOLISM PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESPIRATION -anabolic -catabolic COMPARE/CONTRAST -PHOTOSYNTHESIS & RESPIRATION PG 220 Fig 8.3 PHOTOSYNTHESIS -anabolic -light  chemical -takes place in chloroplast -2 phases -light dept/Calvin cycle RESPIRATION -catabolic -release energy -takes place mitochondria -2 stages -glycolisis / Krebs

METABOLISM METABOLISM -CO2 -H2O -O2 -C6H1206 -O2 -C6H1206 -CO2 -H2O IDENTIFY how organisms use energy provided in P & CR AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS -CO2 -H2O -O2 -C6H1206 ingest food for energy -herbivore -omnivore -carnivore make own food -photoautotroph -chemoautoroph -O2 -C6H1206 -CO2 -H2O

ATP ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE ATP Most important bio-molecule that provides chemical energy ATP BILL NYE ATP ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

ATP: THE UNIT OF CELLULAR ENERGY COMPLETE WITH TABLE PARTNER IDENTIFY the importance of ATP -found in ALL organisms -most ABUNDANT energy form -VARIETY of REACTIONS PROVIDE an example of how organisms use ATP -muscles contracting [chemicalmechanical] -cell movement (flagella / cilia) -active transport

ATP: THE UNIT OF CELLULAR ENERGY DIAGRAM/LABEL the STRUCTURE of ATP -adenine base -ribose sugar -3 phosphate groups

ATP: THE UNIT OF CELLULAR ENERGY SUMMARIZE:VIDEO CLIP ATP -provides quick energy ADP -bond broken 2-3 phosphate -INTERCHANGE by + / - phosphate groups -ENERGY reactions in cell ATP

ATP Storing and Releasing cellular energy ATP  ADP USES OF ATP-- Muscle movement Cell movement— cilia, flagella Active transport in cells

ATP ADP Partially charged battery 2 phosphates Fully Charged Battery

VIDEO CLIP VIDEO CLIP- 15min how cells obtain energy

EXIT FILL-IN: level of understanding of today’s objective    EXIT: Explain how the function of ATP in a cell is like that of a battery in a car.