International Politics on the World Stage WORLD POLITICS INTERNATIONAL POLITICS ON THE WORLD STAGE ******** International Politics

International Politics on the World Stage The Evolving World system: 1)The world is more than just the sum of its parts 2) World politics is more than just the sum of the individual interactions among the parts 3) There are general patterns of interactions among the parts (the system´s actors)

International Politics on the World Stage Greece and Rome ”From tribal communities to city-states and empires” Ethnicity - Religion - Territory - Sovereignty ….. ”Politics” (Aristotle) = a system of government based on law

International Politics on the World Stage Local authority in the Middle Ages Feudalism Decline of the feudal system: Advances in military technology ; Economic expansion – improved trade Overarching authority in the Middle Ages Religious Secular Decline of universalistic authority: Effects of the Renaissance period + the Protestant Reformation + the Treaty of Westphalia (the State = dominant actor)

International Politics on the World Stage INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IMPERIALISM A MULTIPOLAR INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM BALANCE OF POWER

International Politics on the World Stage Growing tensions in the multi-polar/multi- ethnic system *NATIONALISM *WARS AND THEIR EFFECTS The Cold War and the Bi-Polar System After the Cold War = One Hegemon or …?

International Politics on the World Stage Global Economics and Security in the 21st Century Economic interdependence/disparities Human Rights The Environment Military Technology (WoM)

International Politics on the World Stage REALISM and LIBERALISM Two Theories of International Relations Realist Liberal *Human nature Pessimist Optimist *Main cause of Aggressive human National greed + insecurity Conflict nature + failure of due to anarchy + few rest- great states to use raints on power their power wisely *Conflict in IR Inevitable Not inevitable *Analytical focus States (leaders) States + Int Org + Int Norms *Role of states Core/Nat interests Central but will diminish in favor of Int Org

International Politics on the World Stage Realist Liberal *Policy prescriptions Pursue self interest Create norms of justice Expand power and peace, promote dem *Key concepts Power, self-interest, Cooperation, int norms, anarchy, BoP peace, justice, democracy *Morality State and indiv mo- State and indiv morality rality not the same the same State obliged to guar- rantee safety and well- fare of its citizens *Means to achieve Promote power of Create int norms, build Goals own state Int Orgs, provide justice and econ dev for all

International Politics on the World Stage Three Levels of Analysis 1)Systems level 2)State level 3)Individual level ********************* Vertical and Horizontal Authority Structures

International Politics on the World Stage The Actors States Intergovernmental Organizations Transnational Organizations Corporations active in the World Market Transnational Corporations

International Politics on the World Stage Factors which affect ”Actor Power” Territory Population (size, homogeneity,…) Political stability Economic resources Natural resources Military resources Technological level/Industrial capacity Level of citizens´ living standard External actors, Membership in Alliances …….

International Politics on the World Stage State authority challenged by: Internal opposition - minority groups (alternative governance) -organized econ/pol interests -guerilla/terrorist groups External actors -”Big powers” -Alliances -International organizations (int law) -Popular movements (HR, Environ)

International Politics on the World Stage State Foreign Policy Goals Security Economy/Living standard Ideology ****************** International/transnational organization goals Company goals

International Politics on the World Stage Foreign policy means Diplomacy – Negotiations Military Economic Psychological

International Politics on the World Stage Restricting factors International law (Courts/Tribunals) International agreements Alliances Effective channels for world-wide communication/negotiation Increased transnationalization Democratic governance Extended resources for conflict prevention and conflict management