XML Technologies Surekha Akula G l a r i m y XML Technologies Surekha Akula Glarimy Technology Services, Bangalore, India akula.surekha@gmail.com | www.glarimy.com 091-99455 00066 © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. http://www.glarimy.com

Agenda G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. Little more deeper into XML Purpose of XML Comparing with other technologies XML Eco System XML Primer Applications of XML What is XML The Process What is not XML? Agenda © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

About Me G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. Surekha Akula Software Developer by profession Trainer by evocation Academics B.Tech in Computer Science Experience 5 years Infosys & Fidelity National Information Systems Expertise BSFI, Web Technologies, Java/J2EE On the Net Email: akula.surekha@gmail.com Facebook: Surekha Scintilletions © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

About Glarimy G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. Glarimy Technology Services Technology Consulting Corporate Training Weekend Executive Workshops Learning & Assessment Services www.glarimy.com Principal Consultant Krishna Mohan Koyya Technology Expert, Trainer & Author 15 Years of experience under belt More than 1000 training days in the last 5 years © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

Let’s start G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. Little more deeper into XML Purpose of XML Comparing with other technologies XML Eco System XML Primer Applications of XML What is XML The Process What is not XML? Let’s start © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

What is XML? G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language XML is a markup language much like HTML XML was designed to carry data, not to display data XML tags are not predefined. XML is designed to be self-descriptive XML is a W3C Recommendation XML DO NOT DO ANYTHING © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

XML Primer G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. XML can be interpreted programmatically XML documents can be parsed all most by using any programming language XML is a W3C standard Open to everyone to use Open for everyone for learning No need to pay licenses © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

XML Primer G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. XML is used for documenting data in pure text format It can be viewed in any text editor No need of sophisticated software to view your data It can be shared on internet, easily No need of special network technology Any general purpose protocol like FTP, HTTP can carry the XML documents © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

Purpose of XML G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. XML Simplifies Data Sharing XML is Used to Create New Internet Languages XML Simplifies Data Transport XML Simplifies Platform Changes XML Makes Your Data More Available XML Separates Data from HTML © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

G l a r i m y An Example <book> <isbn>123-45-34</isbn> <title>XML Primer</title> <publisher> <name>ABC Publications</name> <phone>98245458909</phone> </publisher> </book> © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

XML is not … G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. A replacement for HTML but HTML can be generated from XML A presentation format but XML can be converted into one A programming language but it can be used with almost any language A network transfer protocol but XML may be transferred over a network A database but XML may be stored into a database © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

Comparing with Excel G l a r i m y XML is similar to Excel Both deal with data Both can be used to hold data XML is not similar to Excel MS-Excel is required to view the data in xls files XML needs just any text editor XML can be shared on any operating system MS-Excel needs Windows O/S © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

XML is not similar to HTML G l a r i m y Comparing with HTML XML is similar to HTML Both are markup languages Both uses tags Both produce text based documents XML is not similar to HTML HTML is to SHOW data on browsers, XML is to ORGANIZE data for general purpose HTML has its own set of pre-defined tags, XML do not © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

XML Eco-system G l a r i m y © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved. XML Technologies to define XML tags and validate XML documents against the definitions. DTD/XSD A language to transform data from one XML format to another format XSL Technologies to address elements in an XML document XPATH/XQUERY DOM Software components to parse XML documents DOM/SAX Parsers © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

XML Applications SOAP/XML Web Services AJAX G l a r i m y XML Applications SOAP/XML Web Services XML AJAX SOAP/XML Web Services A technology to integrate two systems that are developed on two different platforms A technology to use legacy systems in new environments AJAX A technology to speed up web clients A technology to develop more interactive applications on the internet © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

XML Applications Publishing Industry G l a r i m y XML Applications Publishing Industry Stores the content in a neutral format The content can later be Converted to MS-Word, PDF and etc., Converted into HTML and rendered on Web Clients Rendered on Mobile & Smart Devices Printed as books Shared with other parties © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

The Process Someone defines XML tags for a given application G l a r i m y The Process Someone defines XML tags for a given application Based on the expected nature of the data Using DTD or XSD technologies Someone develops XML document using these tags By sticking to XML rules By sticking to the tag definitions And shares the document © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

G l a r i m y Inside XML An XML document is simply a text file with .xml extension. The content of an xml document is just collection of XML elements. Every XML document have one and only one root element, the outer most element of the document. The root element can have attributes and child elements, if any. An XML element starts with opening tag and ends with closing tag. Then generally have text values. Tag names are case sensitive, starts with letter or underscore and without white spaces. They can have numbers, dot and hyphen after the first character. Tags can have attributes. Attributes are name-value pairs. Value must be within single or double quotes. Can not have more than one value for an attribute. Attribute names are like Tag names. A tag can have any number of attributes, separated by space. An element can have child elements. An element can also be any empty element. Tags must be properly nested. © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

Inside XML G l a r i m y Most of the documents also have prolog. It defines xml version, entities, DOCTYPE and etc., Its optional. Attribute version specifies the version of XML. It defaults to 1.0. XML 1.1 is the latest version. Encoding identifies the character set used in the document. UTF-8 is the default character encoding. XML document can have non-English characters if appropriate encoding is specified. Standalone identifies the source of tag and entity definitions. For external Tag definitions, standalone gets a “no”. And the definitions file must be referenced. SYSTEM must be used in referring definition files that are not on the same file system. For public definitions, PUBLIC must be used along with FPI. FPI stands for Formal Public Identifier. Its in the form of -/+/ISO//group//description//lang In case standalone is “no”, the definitions must be available inline in the XML document itself. © 2013, Glarimy. All rights reserved.

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