Global History—Tuesday January 6, 2009 Chapter 27 (Page ) Topic: Imperialism Aim Question: What were the major factors that lead Europeans to imperialize Africa and Asia? Objective: -Understand reasons for imperialism -Analyze the forces leading toward imperialism -Synthesis how the Conference of Berlin divided Africa Agenda: -Attendance -The legend of David Livingston -Motives for Imperialism -Berlin Conference

The Legend of Dr. David Livingston A minister from Scotland First “westerner” to travel deep into central Africa— searching for source of Nile Disappeared for 6 years… What happened to him?

American newspaper sent STANLEY!!! 1879, Stanley found Livingstone in what is now called the CONGO… doing what? Stanley signed treaties with local African chiefs tricking them into “giving” the land to King Leopold of Belgium.

Motives Driving Imperialism Economic forces Social forces Political forces

Economic Forces Industrial revolution provided Europeans with a major need for resources. The race to imperialize “other” territories came from a competitive need for resources… more resources equals more money from factories!

Social Forces The growth of industry lead to ideas of “betterment”— England is better than Germany, Germany is better than Italy, Italy is better than France, & France is better than England… Finally, ALL Europeans began to see themselves as better than the rest of the world! The concept of Social-Darwinism becomes “science” … (more on next slide)

Social-Darwinism… Pure Racism Racism: is the attitude that one race is better than another. Social-Darwinism: “Survival of Fittest”, Those who are most fit for survival had technology, democracy, and wealth. If you not, you were unfit to live.

The Social-Darwin Differences Western (White Europeans) Inventive Scientific Rational Self-Controlled Democratic Civilized Economically Progressive Moral Christian Independent Eastern (Non-whites, Non- European) Ignorant Irrational Superstitious Lazy Childlike Savage Dependent

Political Forces Because the Europeans felt superior to the “other” races, they felt they HAD to spread their political ideas. It was the WHITE MAN’S BURDEN

For Europeans, Control was easy Built Railways in Africa Built Telegraph Cable lines in Africa Created Steamships along African rivers Used MAXIM GUN (machine gun) to control unrest

Berlin Conference ~ African land becomes European Colonies ~

Global History—Friday January 22, 2010 Chapter 27 (Page ) Topic: Imperialism; INDIA Aim Question: What were the major factors that lead England to imperialize India? Objective: -Understand reasons for Indian imperialism -Analyze the forces leading toward imperialism in India -Synthesis how the English government took control Agenda: -Attendance -The Maps -Motives for Imperialism in India -English government

Map Exercise European Colonial Territories, (page 683 ) 1. The World in 1900 –a. Who had the largest European Empire? –b. Which European nations had overseas empires? –c. Which European nation imperialized India (you need to know where is India is to answer)?

Only two parts of the world which was not colonized during 1900.

HOW DID BRITISH TAKE OVER Technology - Machine Guns Gave India much needed Railroads & Steamships British Naval ships to powerful; sea trade controlled

History of British Imperialism  England had economic interests in India beginning in the 1600’s  British East India Company was first English to do trade there  At first the Mughal Empire controlled the Europeans traders but as the Empire began to fall apart the British East India Company found it easy to gain control

Indians must produce raw materials for Britain Sent to British factories turned into finished goods. Indians must buy finished goods from Britain Tea, indigo, coffee, cotton, jute, opium India was the Jewel in Britian’s Crown (What did that mean?)

British East India Company  Battle of Plassey- Led by Robert Clive  Company troops were victorious over Mughals  British East India Company became leading power in India  Ruled without any interference from the British government  Had their own army, made up of sepoys (Indian Soldiers)

Cause of Sepoy Rebellion  Sepoy’s (Indian Soldiers) learned the cartridges of their rifles were sealed with beef and pork fat. (just a rumor)  To use the cartridges the soldiers had to bite off the seal.  Hindus consider the cow sacred and Muslims do not eat pork  Both groups were outraged

What is a Sepoy? Was a native of India, a soldier allied to England. India 300,000 Sepoys were crucial in securing India for the British East India Company

Hindu Belief of Not Eating Meat Meat is not eaten because it involves harming a living creature The pig is seen as a scavenger and, therefore, the meat is considered unclean

English Enfield Rifle Used Animal fat to lubricate weapon

ENFIELD RIFLE Used the pig or cow fat on the bullets so that it would be able to move more quickly down the end of the barrel.