Aim: Can non-communicable diseases, for the most part, be prevented? Do Now: Brainstorm- what is the difference between communicable and non- communicable disease? Give one example of each.

Cardiovascular Disease  Many CVD's are the result of life-style choices and health habits formed early in life.  It is the leading cause of death among adults in the United States.

Cardiovascular Disease  Causes: High levels of cholesterol diet smoking obesity lack of physical activity stress atherosclerosis  Signs/ Symptoms: Heart attack Stroke Congestive Heart Failure  Risks: Age, gender, genetics, smoking, obesity, sleep deprivation, stress, physical inactivity

Diabetes  Affects one person in 20.  American Indians, African Americans and Hispanics are at greater risk for Type II diabetes than are members of other ethnic groups.  Juvenile Diabetes (Type I) is insulin dependent.

Diabetes  Causes: Genetic Infection Diet Age Obesity Insulin abnormalities (resistance in type 2, lack of production in type 1)  Signs/Symptoms: Frequent urination Excessively thirsty Increased appetite Type I symptoms develop rapidly, Type II develop slowly Type I- Weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision

Diabetes Risks  Type I Certain foods early in life An older mother Ethnicity  Type II Usually develops after age 40 African American, Hispanic, American Indian, Asian American, or Pacific Islander origin High blood pressure Weight distribution around waist Family history Smoking Low birth weight

Cancer  Overall, environmental factors cause an estimated 75% of all cancer cases in the United States.  According to the National Cancer Institute 30% of cancer deaths are caused by smoking tobacco.

Cancer  Causes Smoking Excessive alcohol consumption Sun exposure Radiation Unhealthy diet Lack of activity  Signs/Symptoms Unexplained weight loss Fever, fatigue Skin changes Changes in bowel/bladder functions Sores that don’t heal Unusual bleeding or discharge Indigestion

Cancer  Risks: Tobacco use High fat diets/Obesity Age (certain cancers) Alcohol consumption Family history

What lifestyle changes could a person make to reduce their risks of getting a non-communicable disease?