THE TERMS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES 1919 Germany had to accept blame for starting WW1 - Army restricted to 100,000 men. - No modern weapons such as tanks, military air force. - Navy 15,000 men - Germany lost national territory which was given to Belgium and Denmark, most went to Poland. Germany forced to pay massive fine for war damages The Treaty was designed to cripple Germany militarily, territorially and economically

THE TERMS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES 1919 WAR GUILT CLAUSE GERMAN NATIONAL TERRITORY GERMANY’S MILITARY FORCES REDUCED Germany lost her overseas colonies NO UNION WITH AUSTRIA REPARATIONS Germany had to accept blame for starting WW1 - Army restricted to 100,000 men. - No modern weapons such as tanks, military air force. - Navy 15,000 men - Germany lost national territory which was given to Belgium and Denmark, most went to Poland. RHINELAND TO BE DE-MILITARISED Germany forced to pay massive fine for war damages The Treaty was designed to cripple Germany militarily, territorially and economically

 France accuses Germany of not paying off the debt. , 1923-France sent French and Belgium troops into Ruhr.  Ruhr was the industrial center of Germany.  German government stops paying the debt and asks workers to passively resist the troops.  Hyperinflation: extreme or excessive inflation.

 Butter increased from 100,000 to 500,000 from morning to afternoon.  Workers were paid twice a day to buy food before prices rise.

Economic Turmoil Hitler and the Nazi Party took advantage of the widespread unemployment and Inflation Declared that it is the responsibility of the state to provide every citizen with an opportunity to earn a living. Legacy of Authoritarian rule p. 174 Create your notes

Democracy is slow in crisis In times of crisis, citizens desire direct and immediate action In times of chaos, citizens may seek out other political leaders who promise simple, quick and seemingly effective solutions. *** Ideology and liberal principles may seem less important when survival is at risk.

Nationalism, Militarism and Law and Order Unification and the stifling of Dissent Joining together of all German people Military tradition The Nazi’s advocated law and order which appealed to many Germans. Hitler capitalized on the fear of the great depression A strong government was needed to handle the economic chaos.

Assignment: The Program of the Nazi Party Read page 176 Questions 1,2 and 3 Images of the fascist state. (omit)

Theories of Racial Superiority and the use of Jews and others as Scapegoats Aryan Race: “pure race” (to avoid what they considered the "worst of the German race" and to preserve the purity of European blood.) Jews were blamed for many problems including Versailles and the exploitation of the working classes by banks and industry. anti-Semitism: is prejudice against or hostility towards Jews, often rooted in hatred of their ethnic background, culture, or religion

Poster: "Behind the enemy powers: the Jews" Nazi propaganda often portrayed Jews as engaged in a conspiracy to provoke war. Here, a stereotyped Jew conspires behind the scenes to control the Allied powers, represented by the British, American, and Soviet flags. Power of propaganda

Notes to follow the film

How has the political landscape changed ffrom the election of 1919 to 1932?

the Reichstag burned down, creating an opportunity for Hitler – Blame was placed on the communist the Nazis still failed to gain a majority in subsequent elections, but they with their supporters pushed thru the Enabling Law Hindenburg was forced to appoint Hitler as Chancellor

The Reichstag in Berlin today.

Hitler's Enabling Act On March 23, 1933, the newly elected members of the German Parliament (the Reichstag) met in Berlin to consider passing Hitler's Enabling Act. If passed, it would effectively mean the end of democracy in Germany and establish the legal dictatorship of Hitler.

The Enabling Act 1933 Restricted personal freedom, freedom of press, freedom of organization and assembly Pass legislation without the approval of the Reichstag Ban all political parties except the Nazi party

The Night of the Long Knives

How has the cartoonist portrayed the Knight of the Long Knives? Herman Goring military Joseph Goebbels Propaganda Ernst Rohm and the SA

– a massive state propaganda program was implemented. Example: Nuremberg Rallies Unacceptable ideas were stamped out – the “Burning of the Books”

The site of “burning of the books” and the empty book shelves.

HITLER BECAME CHANCELLOR Jan. 30 th 1933 OATH OF LOYALTY TO HITLER August 2nd 1934 THE NIGHT OF THE LONG KNIVES June1st 1934 Rohm THE ENABLING ACT March THE REICHSTAG FIRE Feb.27 th 1933 DEATH OF PRESIDENT HINDENBURG August 2 nd 1934

The 1936 Olympic Stadium where the Nazi’s put their “nation” on display.

Some Humanity in the face of hypocrisy 1936 Luz Long vs Jesse Owens Pierre de Coubertin medal (True Spirit of Sportsmanship Medal) Ambassador of Sports” — in 1955.

Nazism and the German Economy Big business supported the Fascist Massive construction projects such as the Autobahnenns ( highways) Rearming of the German military Workers had few rights Industry was regulated ( regulated Private Enterprise)

Big Business-State- Military Partnership Cooperation between these aspects of society Racism Superiority of the Aryan race, anti- Semitism, eugenics Leadership: Germany is Hitler, Hitler is Germany Total allegiance Leadership: Germany is Hitler, Hitler is Germany Total allegiance