Friday, Sept. 6 th : “A” Day Monday, Sept. 9 th : “B” Day Agenda  Homework Questions/Collect  Finish Sec. 8.3: “Classifying Chemical Reactions” Single and double displacement reactions, activity series  Homework: Sec. 8.3 review, pg. 285: 5-7, 8a,d,e, 9a-d, 10c,d, 11, 13, 14 Activity Series Worksheet Concept Review, “Classifying Chemical Reactions”

Homework Questions  Sec. 8.3 review, pg 285: 1-4, 8b,c,f, 10a,b,e,f, 12  Practice box, pg. 279: #1-4

5 Types of Chemical Reactions 1.Combustion 2.Synthesis (sometimes called combination) 3.Decomposition 4.Single Displacement 5.Double Displacement

Single Displacement Reactions  Single Displacement Reaction: a reaction in which a single element reacts with a compound and displaces another element from the compound. Products are a different element and a different compound than the reactants In general, a metal may displace another metal, or hydrogen, while a non-metal may displace only another non-metal 2 Al(s) + 3 CuCl 2 (aq)  2 AlCl 3 (aq) + 3 Cu(s) (Al displaces Cu)

The Activity Series Ranks Reactivity  How do you know whether an element will replace another element or not?  Use the activity series table…  Activity Series: a series of elements that have similar properties and that are arranged in descending order of chemical reactivity.

Activity Series  Elements are arranged in order of activity with the MOST ACTIVE at the top.  In general, an element can displace those listed BELOW it from compounds in solution, but NOT those listed above it.  The activity series can be used to make predictions about displacement reactions.  When a metal is placed in water, the activity series will help tell if hydrogen is displaced. If this happens, a metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas will form.

Partial Activity Series (complete series on pg. 832 in text)

Sample Problem E, Pg. 282 Determining Products by Using the Activity Series Magnesium is added to a solution of lead(II) nitrate. Will a reaction happen? If so, write the equation and balance it.  Reactants: Magnesium, Mg, and lead (II) nitrate.  What is the formula for lead (II) nitrate? Pb 2+ NO 3 1- Pb(NO 3 ) 2

Sample Problem E, Pg. 282 Determining Products by Using the Activity Series, cont. Mg + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 ?  Check the activity series: Mg is MORE reactive than Pb, so it WILL displace Pb. Mg + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 Mg(NO 3 ) 2 + Pb  Lastly, balance the equation: It already is!

Additional Example If the reaction happens, write a balanced equation if sodium is placed in cold water.  Reactants: Sodium, Na, and cold water, H 2 O.  Check the activity series: Na reacts with cold water to displace a hydrogen atom Na + H 2 O NaOH + H 2  Lastly, balance the equation: 2 Na + 2 H 2 O 2 NaOH + H 2

Additional Example If the reaction happens, write a balanced equation for the reaction if gold is added to a solution of calcium chloride.  Reactants: Gold, Au, and calcium chloride, CaCl 2  Check the activity series: Gold is LESS reactive than Ca, so it WILL NOT displace Ca – no reaction happens. Au (s) + CaCl 2 (aq) = No Reaction!

Double Displacement Reactions  Double displacement reaction: a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between compounds. 2 compounds appear to exchange ions and form 2 new compounds One of the products must be a solid precipitate, a gas, or a molecular compound, such as water. (see table) Water is often written as HOH in these reactions.

Identifying Reactions and Predicting Products Pg. 284 in your textbook has a really nice skills toolkit to help identify reaction types and predict products. If product is not soluble, it will be a solid precipitate.

Double Displacement Reactions HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  HOH(l) + NaCl(aq)  When solutions of hydrochloric acid, HCl, and sodium hydroxide, NaOH, are mixed, a double displacement reaction occurs, creating a molecular compound, water, and sodium chloride.

Double Displacement Reaction Example Predict the products and write a balanced equation when solutions of sodium sulfate and strontium nitrate are mixed. Na + SO 4 2- Sr 2+ NO 3 1- Na 2 SO 4 Sr(NO 3 ) 2  Reactants: Na 2 SO 4 (aq) and Sr(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)  This is a double displacement reaction so the 2 compounds will switch ions…

Double Displacement Reaction Example, cont. Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + Sr(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) ? Na + NO 3 1- Sr 2+ SO 4 2- NaNO 3 (aq) SrSO 4 (s) Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + Sr(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) NaNO 3 (aq) + SrSO 4 (s)  Lastly, balance equation: Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + Sr(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) 2 NaNO 3 (aq) + SrSO 4 (s)

Additional Example Predict the products and write a balanced equation when solutions of potassium carbonate and iron (III) chloride are mixed. K + CO 3 2- Fe 3+ Cl 1- K 2 CO 3 FeCl 3  Reactants: K 2 CO 3 (aq) and FeCl 3 (aq)  This is a double displacement reaction so the 2 compounds will switch ions…

Additional Example, cont. K 2 CO 3 (aq) + FeCl 3 (aq) ? K 1+ Cl 1- Fe 3+ CO 3 2- KCl (aq) Fe 2 (CO 3 ) 3 (s) K 2 CO 3 (aq) + FeCl 3 (aq) KCl (aq) + Fe 2 (CO 3 ) 3 (s)  Lastly, balance equation: 3 K 2 CO 3 (aq) + 2 FeCl 3 (aq) 6 KCl (aq) + Fe 2 (CO 3 ) 3 (s)

Homework  Wow guys, I know we covered a lot of material in this section, but you guys stayed with me! 1.Section 8.3 review, pg. 285: #5-7, 8a,d,e, 9a-d, 10c,d, 11, 13, 14 2.Activity Series Worksheet 3.Concept Review: “Classifying Chemical Reactions”

Looking Ahead  Tuesday/Wednesday: Finish Chemical Formulas/Equations worksheet 8.3 Quiz:“Classifying Chemical Reactions” Lab write-up (you’ll need your lab folder!)  Thursday/Friday: Lab: “Classifying Chemical Reactions”