Glaciers Chapter 8, Section 2.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Glaciers, Desert, and Wind
Advertisements

Glaciers Carve Land and Move Sediments
Sediments Sediments are loose materials (that include rock fragments and mineral grains) that have been moved by erosional forces. By: Michael Saler.
Chapter 8: Erosional Forces
Chapter 13: Glacial Processes, Patterns and Associated Landforms
Glaciation of Canada.
Chapter: Erosional Forces
The movement of sediments by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
This valley glacier has bands that look like ripples
Erosion and Deposition— What wears away sediments?
What is a Glacier? REVIEW = An accumulation of compacted snow & ice
Topic 2 – Earth’s Frozen Water What is a Glacier? Large bodies of moving mass of ice and snow are called glaciers. An ‘ Ice Cap ’ is a glacier that forms.
 As glaciers travel over land, glacial ice can erode the underlying bedrock.  This erosion can happen by:  Plucking  Abrasion.
Chapter 7: Erosion and Deposition
Erosion and Deposition
Topic 2: Frozen Water Grade 8 Science. Distribution of water on earth Groundwater = 0.63% Rivers/Lakes/Ponds = 0.02% Glaciers/Ice sheets = 2.15% Oceans.
CHAPTER 5 HONORS EARTH SCIENCE
Glaciers. A GLACIER forms when yearly snowfall in a region far exceeds the amount of snow and ice that melts during the summer months. Most of the world's.
GLACIERS CHAPTER 5 HONORS EARTH SCIENCE. What is a glacier? a thick mass of moving ice
Erosive Forces Review. Glacial Movement Glacial Erosion Glacial Deposition Wind Coastline Features
Chapter 5: Section 2 Surface Processes and Landscapes
Erosion by Glaciers. A glacier is Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land Think of it as a moving river of ice and snow.
Glaciers.
Glaciers.
Notes 4 – Erosion and Glaciers
Chapter 3 Section 4 Glaciers. Moving mass of ice and snow Form when more snow falls than melts Agent of erosion.
Chapter 7 - Erosional Forces
Unit 1: Land and Water Forms Glaciers as Agents of Erosion
Section 4 Glaciers.
Glaciers Moving Ice Formation of Glaciers A glacier is defined as a mass of moving ice. A glacier is defined as a mass of moving ice. There are several.
Ch 15: p  Enormous masses of moving ice created by the accumulation and compaction of snow.  Powerful agents of erosion ~ have carved some.
World Geography Unit 1: Land and Water Forms Glaciers as Agents of Erosion.
Glaciers Glaciers formed much of the landscape that exists presently in the northern United States and elsewhere in the world. Glaciers Today, scientists.
Glaciers UNIT 5 STANDARDS: STATE OBJECTIVES: NCES 2.1.1, 2.1.3, LESSON 6.
GLACIATION About 15 million square kilometres of the earth’s surface are currently covered with glaciers.
GLACIERS A glacier is: Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
Glacial Erosion and Deposition. Erosion Glaciers have the capacity to carry huge rocks and piles of debris over large distances They grind out parallel.
Causes the loss of topsoil.
How do Glaciers Effect the Land? By erosion & deposition.
Erosion and Deposition by Glaciers Chapter 4: Topic 8.
Guided Notes For Glaciers Section 8.3. Glaciers shape the landscape by eroding, transporting, and depositing huge volumes of rock and sediment.
Glacial Landscapes Glacier = large moving mass of ice. Glacier = large moving mass of ice. Glaciers erode, transport and deposit massive amount of sediment.
Changing Earth’s Surface
Glaciers Section 9.4. Glaciers are any large mass of ice that moves over land Continental Glaciers - cover much of a continent or large island (10% of.
Glaciers. Geologists define a glacier as any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land. There are two types of glaciers: Continental glaciers Valley.
Erosive Forces Review. Glacial Movement Glacial Erosion Glacial Deposition Wind Wave Erosion
Mysterious rock formations…….. What could have caused these formations? GLACIERS!!!!!
Glaciers.
Erosion and Deposition
Glaciers Explain how glaciers move.
Chapter 8 Erosional Forces Section 8-2 Glaciers Note Guide.
Erosional Forces Chapter 8. Erosion & Deposition Sec 8-1 H.W. pg. 214 ques. 1-4 Erosion- the removal or movement of surface material from one place to.
Chapter 3 Erosion and Deposition Section 4 Glaciers
UNIT 5WEATHERING: (B) GLACIERS Glacier-large long-lasting mass of snow compacted & recrystallized, first into firn then glacial ice. Glaciers part of hydrosphere.
Glacier: Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
Chapter 7.3 Glaciers. Glacier Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land. Two kinds: – Continental Glaciers – Valley Glaciers.
Glaciers once covered most of the Earth –in total there have been up to 22 times when glaciers covered large areas of the Earth… including Alberta the.
Agenda Check In Review notes Glaciers WATER Who’d’a Thunk: Karaoke means “empty orchestra” in Japanese.
- In some places it is too cold for all the snow to melt - This snow begins to pile up - The weight of all the snow piling up causes the crystals to reform.
Alaska from space.
Glacier Review.
Like running water, gravity is the driving force
Do Now: Start vocab on Notes packet
How Glaciers Modify the Landscape
Glaciation of Canada.
Chapter 8 Erosional Forces.
GLACIATION.
Earth Science Chapter 8 Section 3
Earth Science Notes Glaciers.
This valley glacier has bands that look like ripples
Presentation transcript:

Glaciers Chapter 8, Section 2

How Glaciers Form and Move What is a glacier? Large mass of snow and ice that moves on land under its own weight.

How Glaciers Form and Move Formation of Glaciers Snow stays on the ground year-round. Increasing weight of newer layers on top compress the bottom layers into ice. When the force become large enough, the lower layers become plastic-like and begin to move.

Ice Eroding Rock Erosion and Deposition As glaciers move, they erode the land underneath them and carry the material elsewhere.

Ice Eroding Rock Plucking Glacial ice melts and flows into cracks in rocks. Water in the cracks freezes and expands. The rock becomes fractured. Pieces of the rock are lifted out by the moving glacier, resulting in boulders, gravel, and sand being added to the bottom and sides of the glacier.

Ice Eroding Rock Transporting Glaciers can transport large volumes of sediment and rock.

Ice Eroding Rock Scouring As glaciers move, the plucked rock fragments carried in the glacier scrape and scour the soil and bedrock over which the glacier travels. Grooves Deep, long, parallel scars on rocks. Striations More shallow scars. Grooves and striations indicate the direction a glacier was traveling.

Ice Depositing Sediments Melting Glaciers As glaciers melt, they begin to shrink or retreat. As the glacier retreats, it cannot carry as much sediment so the sediment is deposited.

Ice Depositing Sediments Till Unsorted mixture of boulders, sand, clay, and silt left behind by a retreating glacier. Can cover huge areas of land (enough to fill in whole valleys).

Ice Depositing Sediments Moraine Deposits Till that is deposited at the end and sides of a moving glacier. Occurs because rocks and soil are moved to the ends of the glacier (like groceries piling up at the end of a conveyor belt).

Ice Depositing Sediments Outwash Deposit Material that is carried by melting water from the glacier and then deposited in layers beyond the end of the glacier. Heavier sediments are deposited first and so are closer to the glacier. Fan-shaped deposits (like at the mouth of a river) can also form.

Ice Depositing Sediments Eskers Long winding ridge of till. Forms in a melting glacier when meltwater forms a river within the ice. The river carries sand and gravel which are deposited within the river channel.

Continental Glaciers Continental Glaciers Huge masses of ice and snow. Can be thicker than some mountain ranges. Cover only 10% of the Earth. Mostly located near the poles in Antarctica and Greenland.

Continental Glaciers Climate Changes Extensive glaciers have covered large portions of the Earth many times over the last 2 to 3 million years. These periods are known as ice ages. Average air temperature was about 5 degrees Celsius colder than today. Continental glaciers covered as much as 28% of the surface of the Earth. The last ice age hit its maximum extent about 18,000 years ago.

Valley Glaciers Valley Glaciers Form in high mountains where snow does not melt in the summer.

Valley Glaciers Evidence of Valley Glaciers Striations Plucking Cirques Bowl-shaped basins eroded into the side of the mountain by a valley glacier. Arête Long ridge eroded between two valley glaciers. Horn Sharp peak eroded by many valley glaciers. U-shaped Valleys (Streams and rivers form V-shaped valleys.)

Importance of Glaciers Affects of Glaciers Greatly change the landscape of the Earth. Leave behind economically important sediments such as sand and gravel deposits