Jump Start – In your notebook! 1. In the early 1800s, urbanization was mainly the result of the – Shortage of land for new farms Federally funded national roads Impact of industrialization Migration of Native American Indians   2. Prior to 1850, what was the primary reason that the North developed an economy increasingly based on manufacturing while the South continued to rely more on an agricultural-based economy? (Remember: agriculture is farming!) Protective tariffs applied only to Northern seaports. Slavery in the North promoted rapid economic growth. Manufacturers failed to make a profit in the South. Geographic conditions supported different types of economic activity. 3. An increase in the number of factories in the early—1800s in the United States contributed to— An increase in the urban population An increase in dependence on foreign labors A decrease in the amount of water and air pollution A decrease in dependence on steam power

Monroe Video- Stepping Stones Each pair of students has15 vocabulary squares that will be used in the Monroe video clip. Listen for the words as they occur in the narration. As you hear the words come up, move the vocabulary squares on the desk so that they are arranged in order of occurrence (first used to last used). When the video clip is done, you will use the ordered vocabulary as stepping stones to retell the content to one another. You will then come up with a written summary together. All words must be used.

Labeling Directions for the Map Circle both Missouri and Maine in red. Write “slave state” inside Missouri and “free state” inside Maine. Highlight the 36’30 line. Draw an arrow to the bottom of the sheet and write “No slavery allowed ABOVE this line in the future.” Color the free states BLUE, and add the color blue next to the “Free States” label on your key in the bottom left. Color the slave states GREEN, and add the color green next to the “Slave States” label on your key in the bottom left. Color the free territory ORANGE (this is the rest of the Louisiana Purchase), and add the color orange next to the “Free Territory” label on your key in the bottom left. Color the slave territory PURPLE (this is the “Arkansas Territory), and add the color purple next to the “Slave Territory” label on your key in the bottom left. CROSS OUT THE “UNORGANIZED TERRITORY” LABEL.

JUMPSTART You will have 10 minutes to finish your map. Use the map on page 342. Make sure you glue it into your notebook. AREA COLOR Free States BLUE Free Territories Any color not used Slave States GREEN Slave Territories PURPLE

Nationalism and Economic Expansion

James Monroe 5th President Virginia Democratic-Republican Ran unopposed during the election of 1816 Federalist collapsed after War of 1812 No political struggles for power

Era of Good Feelings NATIONALISM CLAY’S AMERICAN SYSTEM Nationalism- pride toward one’s country Period characterized by lack of political disruption and economic growth People started shifting loyalty toward the federal government Henry Clay wanted the U.S. to be economically self-sufficient: Established a protective tariff- made foreign goods more expensive Established a national bank- would promote a single currency and make trade easier Improved the country’s transportation system

Internal Improvements National Road- stretched from Maryland to Illinois Designed as the countries’ main east-west route Erie Canal- man-made water route between NYC and Buffalo New York Opened the Ohio River Valley and the Great Lakes to trade and settlement Allowed the flow of manufactured goods from east to west Helped NYC become the nation’s largest city

Supreme Courts helps Nationalism McCulloch vs. Maryland Gibbons vs. Ogden Maryland wanted to tax its branch of the national bank If allowed, states could claim power over the national govt Court said NO! Promoted unity by strengthening the federal government Two steamship operators fought over shipping rights between NY and NJ Court ruled that interstate commerce could only be regulated by the federal govt Stronger federal government reflected growing nationalism VS

Missouri Compromise (1820) Missouri applies for statehood Wants slavery to be allowed 11 free and 11 slave states currently Missouri would ruin the balance South would have more power in Congress Maine admitted with Missouri as a free state Maine = free state Missouri = slave state Slavery banned in future territories north of 36’30’’ Henry Clay led compromise Missouri Compromise (1820)

Growing National Boundaries Tense relations with Spain Disagreed over boundaries Indians in east Florida raiding Georgia Monroe sent Andrew Jackson to stop raids Jackson ended up claiming Florida Monroe gave Spain a choice: police Florida or give it to us Adams Onis Treaty (1819) Spain gave the U.S. Florida Created new boundary line Spain no longer claimed Oregon Now only claimed by Britain and U.S. Growing National Boundaries

Sectionalism Grows Sectionalism: loyalty to the interests of your own region rather than the country as a whole Economic changes led to different interests and needs among the North, South, and West These interests often were in conflict North- wealth based on manufacturing and trade South- plantation system and cotton West- wanted cheap land and good transportation system

SOAPStone Speaker Occasion Audience Purpose Subject Tone

Monroe Doctrine (1823) Latin American colonies gained independence from Spain and Portugal Some European monarchs planned to help them get their colonies back U.S. felt threatened Doctrine stated that: Americas were closed to European colonization U.S. would stay out of European affairs Showed that U.S. considered itself a world power