Sections 2 and 3 Chapter 1

Review of the Scientific Method The scientific method is not a list of rules that must be followed but a general guideline for scientific thought and procedures. The scientific method is not a list of rules that must be followed but a general guideline for scientific thought and procedures.

Observation Gathering information with the five senses. Gathering information with the five senses.

Hypothesis An explanation for a problem or question that can be formally tested. An explanation for a problem or question that can be formally tested. Problem or question arises through inferences formed from observation. Problem or question arises through inferences formed from observation.

Experiment An investigation that tests a hypothesis by the process of collecting information under controlled conditions. An investigation that tests a hypothesis by the process of collecting information under controlled conditions.

Experiment Controlled Experiment Controlled Experiment An experiment set up to test a variable. An experiment set up to test a variable. Control Group Control Group The standard against which results are compared. The standard against which results are compared. Experimental Group Experimental Group The test group which receives experimental treatment. The test group which receives experimental treatment.

Experiment Controlled Experiment Controlled Experiment Independent Variable Independent Variable The condition which is tested (and changed). The condition which is tested (and changed). Dependent Variable Dependent Variable Condition which results from the change (and is measured or observed). Condition which results from the change (and is measured or observed).

Experiment What if setting up a controlled experiment isnt possible? What if setting up a controlled experiment isnt possible? Use a model to simulate the problem. Use a model to simulate the problem. Perform investigations in order to gather data. Perform investigations in order to gather data.

Collect and Analyze Data Quantitative Data Quantitative Data Measured in numbers. Measured in numbers. Qualitative Data Qualitative Data Described in words. Described in words.

Conclusion Proves or disproves your hypothesis. Proves or disproves your hypothesis.

Hypotheses, Theories, and Laws Theory Theory Explanation (hypothesis or set of hypotheses) of a natural phenomenon that is consistent with known facts and is supported by a large body of scientific evidence obtained form many different experiments, investigations and observations. Explanation (hypothesis or set of hypotheses) of a natural phenomenon that is consistent with known facts and is supported by a large body of scientific evidence obtained form many different experiments, investigations and observations. Law Law Rule of fact of nature that correctly describes a known phenomenon and is proven correct every time it is tested. Rule of fact of nature that correctly describes a known phenomenon and is proven correct every time it is tested.

International System of Measurement (SI) System of measurement based on multiples of tens or tenths of a base unit. System of measurement based on multiples of tens or tenths of a base unit. Used to communicate scientific data world-wide. Used to communicate scientific data world-wide.

Ethics Moral principles and values held by people. Moral principles and values held by people. Ethical questions cannot be answered by science. Ethical questions cannot be answered by science.

Technology Application of scientific research to meet the needs of society. Application of scientific research to meet the needs of society. Can have both positive and negative consequences. Can have both positive and negative consequences.