Civil War Study Guide

1. Explain the main causes of the civil war. North South Slavery Against For States rights Control of Congress Had control Thought it wasn’t fair Nullification

2. What was the purpose and outcome of: A. Missouri Compromise: Divided the country into free states and slave states. B. Compromise of 1850: Added Texas as a slave state and California as a free state. C. Georgia Platform: A free state/slave state compromise that temporarily prevented civil war. D. Kansas-Nebraska Act: Decided that Kansas and Nebraska could decide for themselves whether or not to have slaves. “Popular Sovereignty”

3. Explain the significance of: A. Dred Scott Case: Established that a slave moved to a free state was still a slave. B. Election of 1860: Lincoln’s election pushed the southern states to civil war. C. Alexander Stephens: Wrote the Georgia Platform.

4. Explain the Southern and Northern war strategies: Northern: “Anaconda Plan” – Force the South to surrender by blockading its ports. Southern: “King Cotton Diplomacy” – Bring European countries into the war on the southern side. Keep the war going until the North gave up.

5. State the significance of: A. Battle of Antietam: Bloodiest battle of the Civil War. B. Emancipation Proclamation: Outlawed slavery in the Southern states. C. Battle of Gettysburg: Union victory and turning point of the war. D. Battle of Chickamauga: Biggest battle in Georgia E. Union blockade of GA’s coast: Made it hard for Georgia to buy and sell supplies. F. Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign: A series of battles from Chattanooga to Atlanta. G. Sherman’s March to the Sea: A path of destruction from Atlanta to Savannah. H. Andersonville: Confederate prison with horrible living conditions.

6. What was the role of the Freedmen’s Bureau during Reconstruction? Helped former slaves with jobs, food, clothing, etc…

7. Describe the difference between sharecropping and tenant farming. Landlord gives housing, farming tools and seeds. Landlord only gives land. Landlord tells what crop to plant You plant whatever you want Landlord takes half your crop You keep your whole crop but pay rent.

8. Describe the two different Reconstruction plans sought after the Civil War. Presidential Plan: 10% plan – After 10% of a state’s white, male voters took an oath of allegiance the state would be readmitted to the Union. Congressional Plan: States had to write new, anti-slavery constitutions, former slaves had to be given the right to vote.

9. What did the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments do? Fully freed all slaves 14th Granted citizenship and equal protection to all Americans (except native Americans) 15th Gave African-American males the right to vote

10. Explain the significance of Henry McNeal Turner and other black legislators during this time period. They were the first African-Americans to ever participate in government in the South. Henry McNeal Turner formed the Georgia Equal Rights Association.

Explain the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan during this time period. Used intimidation and violence to prevent African-Americans from voting, holding office and exercising their rights.