1 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Hardware Needs Software to Work Hardware  Physical components of a computer  Visible part of a system Software  Set of instructions that directs hardware to accomplish a task  The intelligence

2 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Functions of a Computer

3 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition PC Hardware Components Outside computer case: input/output devices Inside the case: processing and storage  CPU – most important component Requirements of a hardware device  Method for CPU to communicate with it  Software to instruct and control it  Electricity to power it

4 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Hardware Used for Input and Output Connects to computer case by ports (eg, serial, parallel, USB, game, keyboard, mouse) Popular input devices:  Keyboard  Mouse Popular output devices:  Monitor  Printer

5 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Ports

6 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Input Devices

7 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Output Devices

8 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Hardware Inside the Case

9 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Motherboard Components Processing  CPU (most important)  Chip set Temporary storage  RAM  Cache memory Electrical system  Power supply connections Communication with other devices  Traces  Expansion slots  System clock Programming/setup data  Flash ROM  CMOS setup chip

10 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition The Motherboard

11 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition The Motherboard ( continued )

12 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition The CPU

13 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Storage Devices Temporary (primary storage, or memory)  Temporarily holds data and instructions while processing them  Faster to access than permanent storage Permanent (secondary storage)  Data and instructions must be copied into primary storage (RAM) for processing

14 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Primary and Secondary Storage

15 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Primary Storage Devices Memory, or RAM, located on motherboard and other circuit boards  Volatile versus nonvolatile (or ROM) memory Types of boards that hold memory chips  SIMMs  DIMMs  RIMMs

16 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Types of RAM Modules

17 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Secondary Storage Devices Hard drives CD-ROM drives DVD drives Zip drives Floppy drives

18 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition EIDE Technology Used by most hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and DVD drives Can accommodate up to four EIDE devices on one system

19 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition IDE Connectors on a Motherboard

20 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition IDE Connectors on a Motherboard ( continued )

21 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Hard Drive’s Power Supply

22 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Floppy Drive Connection

23 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Floppy Drive Connection ( continued )

24 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition CD-ROM Drive Connection

25 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices The data bus  System of pathways used for communication and the protocol and methods used for transmission

26 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Data Bus

27 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition System Clock

28 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Clock Speed Of motherboard  Measured in megahertz (MHz) Of CPU  Measured in gigahertz (GHz)

29 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Expansion Slots

30 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Types of Expansion Slots

31 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Interface (Expansion) Cards

32 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition The Electrical System Power supply  Most important component of computer’s electrical system  Converts/reduces electricity to voltage the computer can handle  Runs a fan directly from electrical output voltage to cool inside of computer case

33 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition The Electrical System ( continued )

34 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition The Electrical System ( continued )

35 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Instructions Stored on the Motherboard ROM BIOS (most are flash ROM)  System BIOS  Startup BIOS  CMOS setup Motherboard BIOS supports ACPI, APM, and Plug and Play technologies

36 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition ROM BIOS Chip

37 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Motherboard Configuration Settings CMOS chip  Stores setup (configuration) information  Powered by a battery on motherboard when power is off Setup information can also be set by jumpers and DIP switches

38 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition CMOS Configuration Chip

39 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Setting Jumpers

40 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition Using DIP Switches