U.S. History : Unit 1 Colonial America 1607-1763

Bell work Name 3 reasons people came to the American colonies. Name the first 2 English settlements in America. Name 2 key people in colonial America.

Colonies Map New Hampshire Massachusetts New York Rhode Island Pennsylvania Connecticut New Jersey Delaware Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia

Reasons for Migration Enclosure Movement Religious persecution Economic incentive-Land England’s competition with Spain Debtors, orphans, prisoners A new life

The First English settlement-jamestown 1607 Jamestown,Va A rough start… Video Questions Why do the colonists pick Jamestown as the location of their settlements? What are the 2 advantages and disadvantages to the location? Founded in 1607 by the English- Almost fails poor location unrealistic expectations starvation disease conflicts with local Native American tribes Captain John Smith take control Trades with the local Powhatan Strict rules- “he that does not work shall not eat”

The Starving Time John Smith left Jamestown in 1609 300 new arrivals that same year Winter of 1609-1610 is known as the starving time By spring, 1610: 60 survived 1610 – 1624: 10,000 immigrants(most indentured servants) 1624 population: 1,200 Adult life expectancy: 40 years Death of children before age 5: 80% Eat rats, cats, dogs, boil leather shoes, raid local natives, eat corpses Some turn to Cannablism! How do they keep attracting people? The Headright system

Other key information about Jamestown Tobacco Saves the Day! Video questions Other key information about Jamestown Who is John Rolfe and why is he important to the Jamestown colony? Describe the conditions when he arrives. Explain the impact tobacco has on Jamestown. 1618- First colonial government (House of Burgesses) 1619- First Africans arrive Many are indentured servants; wealthy few in Virginia By 1660, slaves are the main source of labor

The other Southern Colonies All of the other Southern colonies began as proprietary colonies, or having one owner, who governs the colony Maryland: Founded by George Calvert as refugee for Catholics in 1634 Tolerance act(1649)- Tolerance for all Christian faiths to freely worship The Carolinas: Split in 1732, develop differently North- Subsistence farming, poor harbors, use pine trees for ship building South- Better harbors- slaves bring in rice, indigo is introduced Georgia: Established by James Oglethorpe in 1733 Buffer against Spain, no rum or slaves Refugee for debtors and prisoners

Relationship with Native Americans Who was already living there? What happens? Powhatan Confederacy lives in the area of Jamestown Over 30 separate nations Wahunsenacawh is the leader, Pocahontas is his daughter English later kidnap her, converts to Christianity, marries John Rolfe Video questions 1. Why do the Powhatan not attack the settlement? 2. Why is the John Smith and Pocahontas story we all know likely false? 3. What ends the 4 year war? 4. How does tobacco change the relationship? 5. What becomes of the Powhatan?

Assignment-political Cartoon Analyze the cartoon and answer questions 1-5 on the back. Due Wed. (4th -6th) Due Thurs. (3rd-5th)

Pilgrims in the New World Plymouth Colony Plymouth Colony Pilgrims in the New World 1620, 102 people set sail on the Mayflower Seeking religious freedom Sign Mayflower Compact-majority rule, government based on the consent of the governed Arrive too late to plant, half die in the first winter Squanto- teaching them how to plant corn, where to fish, etc William Bradford is elected the governor Friendly relations with the local Wampanoag Fall of 1621- First Thanksgiving (harvest celebration)

Massachusetts Bay Colony(1630) The Puritans Religious Freedom? Congregationalists Very strict laws and punishments Drove out other religious groups Puritans valued hard work, reading/practicing the bible, church attendance Believed that the sin and the devil was everywhere Seeking religious freedom Led by John Winthrop leader of the colony “We shall be like a City upon a hill; the eyes of all people are on us.” Beginning of the “Great Migration” 20,000-40,000 come in 20 years Set a commonwealth, only male church members can vote

Dissent in new England Questions Puritan practices Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson Questions Puritan practices Taking land Church and state Limited voting rights Banished, leaves and establishes Providence Freedom of religion, separation of church and state Questions Puritan ministers and beliefs Banished Helps to establish Rhode Island with Roger Williams

King Philip’s War King Philip’s War: 1675-76, Wampanoag vs. Massachusetts colonist Chief Massasoit maintains peace with English for 50 years. ‘First Thanksgiving’ together Cause: Massasoit’s son, King Philip(Metacom) wages war against colonists taking his land Outcome: Relations destroyed, 3600 lose their lives, Wampanoag forced off their land, Few Native people left in New England

The Middle Colonies New York(1626)- Originally controlled by the Dutch-very diverse New Jersey Delaware Pennsylvania- (1682)Founded by William Penn, Quakers, religious freedom and expanded voting rights

Colonial Reading assignment: People in The Colonies For each of the 6 main headings in the chapter, record 3-5 key pieces of information for each. Colonial Classes/Population Women in the Colonies Slavery in the Colonies Native Americans Colonial Mind/Education Colonial Press/Zenger Case Due Friday(you will get time in class to finish)