Motor Vehicle Collisions: Planning for the Provincial Health Officer’s Report Prepared by Dr. Eric Young Deputy Provincial Health Officer

Executive Summary Highlights (Significant stats, partnerships, recommendations)

Preface/Introduction Overview/Setting the Context Purpose/ Goals of report Burden of Injury Theoretical approach: e.g. Three-Six E’s of Injury Prevention/Haddon’s matrix/Injury Prevention Framework/Health Promotion Framework

Epidemiology/Data The use of epidemiology to inform action/ Need for reliable data Traffic Collision Summary Historical trends over the last 10 years: Traffic Collision Rates & Deaths & Hospitalizations by: ◦ Motorcycle ◦ Motor Vehicle-Bicycles ◦ Motor Vehicle-Occupant ◦ Motor Vehicle-Pedestrian ◦ Total Motorcycle and Motor Vehicle Related ◦ Non-MV Bicycle ◦ Off-Road Vehicle ◦ Commercial vehicles ◦ Other Transport ◦ Non-MV Bicycle, Off-Road and Other Transport ◦ Pedestrians

Epidemiology/Data cont… Regional/Local differences: Traffic Collision Rates & Deaths & Hospitalizations by HSDA/HA, provincial and national Gender & Age differences: Traffic Collision Rates & Deaths & Hospitalizations by gender and age Time of Occurrence: Traffic Collision Rates by month, time of day, day of week Frequency of Contributing factors involved: Deaths & Hospitalizations by different: ◦ Human Factors (e.g. speeding, restraint use, alcohol use, etc) ◦ Environmental Factors (e.g. weather, animal hazard, road conditions, etc.) ◦ Vehicle Factors (e.g. bald tires, brakes, etc.) Driver experience: Deaths & Hospitalizations by experience

Business Case/Cost Burden/PYLL Estimated Costs & Share of Estimated Costs of Injury Hospitalizations

Best Practices/Interventions possibly in the following areas (to be determined based on data): Vehicle Human Environment

Vehicles Restraints (child restraints – easy to install) Design ◦ Lights (high intensity) ◦ Elec. Stability control ◦ Ignition interlock/alcohol Maintenance

Vehicles cont… Vehicles Types ◦ Bicycles ◦ Cars ◦ Off-road ◦ ATVs ◦ Snowmobiles ◦ Commercial ◦ Motorboats/jet skis ◦ Motorcycles ◦ Licensing Winterization (e.g. Quebec winter tire law)

Human Impairment ◦ Alcohol ◦ Drug (prescription and non prescription) ◦ Fatigue Distractions ◦ Cell phones ◦ GPS Passengers (graduated licensing, and passenger restrictions) Age ◦ Young ◦ Old Special Population Groups (e.g. First Nations) Driving as a requirement of work

Human cont… Protection Helmets (ATVs; standards for motor cycle helmets) Chronic Offender Driver Training Health conditions ◦ Visual ◦ Mental ◦ Hearing ◦ Effectiveness ◦ Guide to drive (Screening coverage)

Environment Road design Traffic control Legislation/regulations/enforcement ◦ lights on bikes ◦ Highway ◦ targeted policing ◦ last call trace back ◦ intersection cameras, speed cameras ◦ high incident zones ◦ low socio economic access to child restraints ◦ random breath checks ◦ speed limits ◦ deterrence/penalties ◦ bar hours

Environment cont… Insurance rates Servers/bars liability training single-use, hand-held breathalysers bar hours Animal Collisions Signage – visual overload/distractions BAC levels ◦ blood testing in Emergency Rooms community prevention committees municipal alcohol policy

Environment cont… Social Encouragement ◦ high risk driving ◦ Advertising (car sales, spins, etc…) ◦ off road, SUV driving History of car manufacturer responsiveness to innovation ◦ seat belt ◦ air bags ◦ direction of lights ◦ electronic stability control

What are Current Strategies Environmental Scan of Regional Initiatives and possible partners in prevention and mitigation. How successful Cost-effectiveness comparisons of various interventions

Strategies Education Enforcement Environment, including policy Evaluation Economic ◦ incentives ◦ penalties Engagement Integrate the 3/4/5/6ES with health promotion

Recommendations for moving forward based on best practices Government Industry Health Authorities Individuals