李正中 Display Technology Center Nov. 12, 2012 Flexible Display Technology and Applications

Copyright 2012 ITRI 2 Digital Reading vs. Books Source: Amazon, 2012/9

Copyright 2012 ITRI Image Source: Amazon, B&N, Borders, Bookeen, iRex, Sony, Ectaco, Hanvon, Kyobo ~ Amazon “Kindle” Digital Reading - e-Reader 2009~2011 “Nook” Sony“PRS ” “iLiad DR800” Hanvon “N800” “Kindle 3” “Kyobo” ” Bambook Sunflower“ “Kindle Paperwhite” 2012~ Display Media ： EPD, QRLPD, MEMS… Characteristics ： Reflective and bi-stable Issues ： Video rate and color

Copyright 2012 ITRI Electrophoretic Display (EPD) Source: EINK 4

Copyright 2012 ITRI Apple “iPad” “Nook HD” 2010~ Asus “Transforms” Samsung Tab 7.7 Acer A100 Apple “New iPad” “Kindle Fire” Display media ： AMLCD and AMOLED Characteristics ： Video rate and color Issues ： Sunlight readable and power Image Source: Apple, Samsung, Asus, Acer, Amazon, B&N, Digital Reading - Tablet

Copyright 2012 ITRI 6 Professional/EducationEntertainment Duration of Reading Long Short e-Reader vs. Table PC Bi-stable Low-power Slim & Light Sunlight readable Immersion reading e-Reader Heavy for handheld Multi-function Color & Video rate Tablet Short operating time Data Source: The Economist Group

Copyright 2012 ITRI CAGR Tablet PC % e-Book % Smart Phone % Notebook PC % Mini NB PC % Public Display % 7 Unit: Million Set Source ： DisplaySearch, IEK, DTC 2012 Smartphone Tablet Market Forecast e-Reader

Copyright 2012 ITRI 8 ? Display Technology for Future Device Paper Digital

Copyright 2012 ITRI 9 ASUS’s PadFone ~10” Picture Source: Apple, Samsung, ASUS, Device Transformation ~7” ~4” ~5 ”

Copyright 2012 ITRI 10 Picture Source: Apple, Samsung, ASUS, Polymer Vision, Yanko Design, Orkin Transformed by “Flexible” Display ASUS’s Padfone ~10” ~7” ~4” ~5 ”

Copyright 2012 ITRI Definition of “Flexible” Display Flat – made on plastic or other non-glass substrates for the purpose of lightness/ruggedness Conformable – bent once in application Bendable/Foldable – intended to be bent or flexed repeatedly during use Rollable – intended to be rolled and unrolled during use 11 Flat Bendable/Foldable ConformableRollable

Copyright 2012 ITRI 12 Tech. AM-LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) AM-EPD (Electrophoretic Display) AM-OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) Structure Prototype Flexibility PoorGoodExcellent Performance (Video rate) ExcellentPoorExcellent AUO/ITRI, 2009 ITRI, 2010 ITRI, 2007 Display on Flexible Substrate

Copyright 2012 ITRI ~ 2005 ~ 2010 Flexible AM-L CD Flexible AM-EPD Polymer Vision Plastics Logic Flexible AM-OLED Flexible Display in the World

Copyright 2012 ITRI 14 Pilot run of flexible AMOLED is underway by Samsung on Gen 5.5 line. Unbreakable AMOLED on plastic substrate is expected to be product in The installation of LGD’s Gen 3.5 flexible AMOLED production line is undergoing and expected to be completed by 3Q/2012. Manufacturing Activity in Korea Source ： SMD, Samsung’s Flexible AMOLED Roadmap ~15 Unbreakable Unbreakable & Bendable Unbreakable & Bendable Unbreakable & Foldable Unbreakable & Foldable 14

Copyright 2012 ITRI 15 Flexible OLED Flexible Touch Flex. Barrier/Encapsulation Flexible Display in ITRI Large area R2R Ch-LCD Color Ch-LCD Electro-wetting Display Plastic Substrate Flexible TFT backplane Flexible AMOLED e-Paper

Copyright 2012 ITRI ” Flexible Mono. AMOLED ITRI’s Flexible AMOLED 6” Flexible AMOLED 6” Flexible AMOLED with Flexible Touch 4” Flexible AMOLED 16 6” Flexible AMOLED in Water

Copyright 2012 ITRI AMOLED AMEPD 17 ITRI’s Flexible Dual Display

Copyright 2012 ITRI ITRI’s i2R e-Paper by Thermal Writing i2R e-Paper, re-writable and re-usable electronic paper technology > 300 dpi high resolution > 250 times writing

Copyright 2012 ITRI Conclusion Explore emerging market –Light-weight, thin, unbreakable, and flexible features of display are expected to lead to a new era for existing ICT product design and emerging applications such as education. Driving new business –Korean companies dedicate on commercialization and mass production of flexible display. Taiwan has accumulated enough capabilities on display industry over the past years and is suitable to get into the new business of flexible display. 19

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