Golden Age for AgroBiotechnology Kim, Byung-Dong Seoul National University & Center for Plant Molecular Genetics and Breeding Research

Prediction by Nikkei Business Most Promising Technologies in early 21C Biotechnology & medicine yen in 2010 Information Appliances & Computer Environment GMO Mass production by 2001 Commercialization by 2006

농업적형질 질적형질 식물화학공장 신제품 [ 그림 2] 바이오테크놀로지발전의 3 단계

Current Topics in Transgenic Plants

QTL AFLP 병저항성 RFLP 웅성불임 병저항성 SSR BAC library 생산량 품질향상 ESTs Physical/Genetic map Microarray Functional Genomics Transformation Genome Projects 신종자 생산 BREEDING PROGRAM Gene cloning

Plant genomics area Aquaculture Arabidopsis Barley Brassicas Compositae Cotton Edible Legumes Forage & Turfgrass Forest Tree Fruit/Nut Tree Lolium Grape Legumes Maize Ornamentals Rice Solanaceae Sugarcane Sugar Beet Abiotic Stress Apomixis Bioinformatics/Computers Comparative Genomics Databases, Gene Systematics, and Nomenclature Functional Genomics Large-Insert DNA Libraries and Their Applications Molecular Markers for Plant Breeders Organellar Genetics Plant Alien Introgression Plant Cytogenetics Plant Interaction with Pests and Pathogens Plant Transformation Plant Transgene Genetics Polyploidy Statistical Methods Transcriptional Profiling

The Goals of Genome Science 1. Integrated Web-based database and research interface 2. Physical and genetic maps of the genome 3. Ordering of genomic and expressed gene sequences 4. Annotation of the complete set of genes encoded within a genome (ORFeom) 5. Atlases of gene expression (Transcriptome) 6. Functional data, including biochemical and phenotypic properties genes (Proteomics, Functional and Structural genomics, Metabolomics) 7. DNA sequence diversity (SNP, LD, QTL) 8. Comparison with other genomes (Comparative genomics)

[ 백만 ] 염기 [ 그림 6] DNA 염기서열 정보의 증가 ( 세계유전자은행 )

Arabidopsis Human Rice

SNP DNA Chip Proteomics Genomic DNA EST Protein sequence Gene Function 3D Structure Comparative GenomicsMicrobiology Database Analysis Bioinformatics : Data is King

Major resources for plant genomics

국내 식물유전체 연구사업 1. 작물기능유전체사업단 2. 바이오그린 21: 농업생명과학원 - 벼, 배추 3. 국가유전체정보센터 : 자생식물사업단 - 고추, 인삼

고추의 Genetic linkage map 작성 Promoter 연구 유전자 기작 연구 Database search 내병성 관련 유전자 고추 과색 관련 유전자 내병성 관련 유전자

Combining Metabolic and Gene Expression Profiling Green > RedRed > Green Metabolic and gene expression profiling in the phenylpropanoid and related pathways. Background color represents metabolism of flavonoids (yellow), lignin (blue), coumarin (gray), tannins (green) and cinnamic acid derivatives (pink). Genes analyzed for their expression by microarrays are indicated in capital and italic and their expression R/G expression ratio in parentheses. Metabolites or genes showing elevated expression in the red stage compared to green or visa versa is depicted in red or green colors, respectively, those not detected are in black and ones detected but with no significant change in expression are depicted in black and underlined. PAL- phenylalanine ammonia lyase; CHS- chalcone synthase; CHI- chalcone flavanone isomerase; F3H- flavanone-3-hydroxylase; DFR- dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; ANS- anthocyanidin synthase; GT- glucosyltransferase; GST- glutathione S-transferase; OMT- O- methyl transferase; CCR- cinnamoyl CoA reductase; CAD- cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Dashed lines indicated multiple steps in the pathway.

가상현실을 이용한 식물대량생산시스템 구축 1. 대량생산체계 종자 ( 조직배양단계 ) -> 육묘단계 -> 영양생장단계 -> 생식생장단계 2. 실현 방법 모델링 및 측정 기법

3. 관찰 수준 거시적 차원 : 식물생육, 식물형태, 광합성량, 병해충 반응결과 미시적 차원 : 세포분열, 양수분이동 및 분배 식물생산시스템 : 광환경 추정, 식물 ( 군락 ) 생산성, 시스템 설계 4. 단계별 주요 관찰 대상 종자 ( 또는 조직배양 단계 ): 발아 ( 재분화 ) 육묘단계 : 형태형성 영양생장단계 : Biomass 생식생장단계 : 성분

5. 연구 동향 식물생장예측 --> 모델링 연구 식물형태예측 --> 모델링 연구 식물생산성예측 --> 모델링 + 3 차원 그래픽 연구 식물대량생산시스템설계 --> 가상현실 시스템 일부 연구

결론 1.21 세기는 생명공학시대 2. 다국적 대기업에 의해 독점되는 추세 3. 게놈사업, 바이오칩, 대형화 – 자동화 – 신속화, 정보화 4.BT, IT, NT 의 접목에 의한 고도지식산업 창출가능