Diabetes Mellitus For high school and college students By Emily Freedman A disease that disrupts normal metabolism, interfering with cells’ ability to take in glucose for energy production

Statistics 7th leading cause of death in the United States In the next 24 hours, diabetes will claim the lives of 200 people. That's 1,400 friends, neighbors, co-workers or family members a week

Statistics Continued Managed by keeping blood sugar at safe levels through diet, exercise, and medication if needed National cost of diagnosed diabetes is an estimated 246 billion 26 million Americans have one of the two major types of diabetes

Statistics Continued 1 in 3 people will have diabetes by 2050 79 million Americans have pre-diabetes

What is diabetes? Involves the production of the hormone insulin by the pancreas Normal metabolism: pancreas secretes insulin which stimulates cells to take up blood sugar In Diabetes: process is disrupted causing a build up of glucose in the bloodstream

Type 1 (previously known as juvenile diabetes) 5-10% of Americans have this; begins in childhood or adolescence- not related to obesity Body’s immune system destroys insulin producing cells in the pancreas Body is unable to produce it’s own insulin

Type 2 Diabetes Pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or the cells are resistant to insulin Develops slowly 25% of Americans are unaware of their condition

Type 2 Continued 90% of people are overweight when diagnosed 90% of cases could have been prevented if regular physical activity, moderate dieting and weight lost were adopted into the lifestyles of the individuals

Gestational Occurs in 7% of women during pregnancy Usually disappears after pregnancy, but half of women will develop type 2 diabetes

Pre-diabetes Blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of full blown diabetes 57 million Americans have pre-diabetes

Signs and Symptoms frequent urination extreme hunger/thirst unexplained weight loss extreme fatigue

Signs and Symptoms blurred vision frequent infections tingling/numbness in hands/feet generalized itching with no rash

Complications kidney failure nerve damage circulation problems/amputations

Complications Continued blindness increased rates of heart attack stroke hypertension

The Goal of Healthy People 20/20 To Reduce the disease of Diabetes Mellitus Reduce economic burden Improve the quality of life for all persons that have, or are at risk of having diabetes.

The Nation’s Objective Reduce the annual number of new cases in the population Reduce the death rate among persons with diabetes Reduce the rate of amputations

Objective Continued Improve glycemic and lipid control Reduce the death rate among people with diabetes Increase the proportion of persons with diagnosed diabetes who receive formal diabetes education

Meeting the Objective Amount of people diagnosed has decreased The death rate has decreased Amputation rate is half of what it was in 1997 The amount of diagnosed people who receive education on diabetes has increased

To Address the Problem... You can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes through a healthy lifestyle.

Prevention Change your diet increase your level of physical activity, eat healthy, and maintain a healthy weight Helps minimize high blood pressure and blood cholesterol

Works Cited http://healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/o bjectiveslist.aspx?topicId=8 http://www.diabetesadvocacyalliance.org/html/activit ies_support_for_healthy_people.html http://www.stopdiabetes.com/