I. Pavlik Mycobacterium tuberculosis in animal and human populations and bovine tuberculosis in human population in Central European countries during the years 1990 to 1999 Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: M. tuberculosis M. africanum M. bovis M. bovis BCG M. bovis subsp. caprae (M. caprae) M. canettii M. microti M. pinnipedi Dvorska et al., Vet. Med.-Czech, 46, 2001,

M. tuberculosis H37Rv M.africanum M. tuberculosis Manila genotype M. tuberculosis Beijing genotype M. bovis BCG M. bovis M. bovis subsp. caprae M. tuberculosis seal genotype M. microti type vole M. microti type Ilama M. canetti M. bovis Spoligotypes of members of M. tuberculosis complex Dvorska et al., Vet. Med.-Czech, 46, 2001,

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(10.3 mil.) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003,

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Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, (2.0 mil.) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003,

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M. tuberculosis v tuberculous lesions in pigs Norway : 3 004/+ 3 (0.1%), Flesja et al., 1978 England : 626/+67 (10.7%), Lesslie and Birn, 1970 USA : 2 036/+ 1 (0.01%), Thoen et al., 1981 BRD : 2 055/+ 10 (0.49%), Schliesser, 1976 Slovakia 1972: 1 421/+ 1 (0.07%), Popluhar et al.,1974 Total: 9 142/+ 82 (0.90%) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, Cited references see in paper:

M. tuberculosis v tuberculous lesions in cattle BRD : 1 135/ + 2 (0.20%) Schliesser, 1976 Slovakia 1970: 553/ + 1 (0.18%) Popluhar et al., 1970 England : / +13 (0.09%) Lesslie and Birn, 1970 USA : 7 007/ + 1 (0.01%) Thoen et al Total: / +82 (0.90%) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, Cited references see in paper:

M. tuberculosis v tuberculous lesions in wild animals USA: 29 (6.1%) from 474 nonhuman primates and wild ruminants (Thoen et al., 1981). Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, Cited reference see in paper:

Sources of infection for animals Old visitors Purchased infected animals

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Animals in zoological garden Gdansk in Poland infected with M. tuberculosis ( ) African elephant (Loxodonta africana)11997 Agouti (Dasyprocta aguti)11997 Tapir (Tapirus terrestris)11999 Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003,

Sources of infection for animals Infected man excreting causal agent of human tuberculosis by: sputum, less often urine, or faeces. (Thoen and Steele, 1995; Grange, 1996). Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, Cited references see in paper:

External environment – source of infection? In Slovakia M. tuberculosis was isolated from river water with waste water from tuberculosis hospital (Laktis et al., 1970). Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, Cited reference see in paper:

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