The UN and PSO

UNITED NATIONS 101 Everything you need to know about the UN in 30 minutes or less!

United Nations GENERALASSEMBLY(191) TRUSTEESHIPCOUNCIL INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL SECRETARIAT SECURITYCOUNCIL(5+10)

GA SC MILITARY STAFF COMMITTEE PEACE KEEPING MISSIONS STANDINGCOMMITTEES AD HOC COMMITTEES United Nations

Trustee-shipCouncil GeneralAssembly International Court of Justice SecurityCouncil Economic and Social Council Secretariat Military Staff Committee Main Committees Standing Committees Other Subsidiary Organs UNWRA UNOMIG UNAVEM III UNDOFUNFICYPUNIFILUNMOGIPUNTSOUNIKOMMINURSOONUSALUNPROFORUNSCOMUNMIHETC. UNCTAD, UNICEF, UNHCR, WFP, UNITAR, UNDP, UNEP, UNU, UN Special Fund, World Food Council, HABITAT, UNFPA Regional Commissions Functional Commissions Other Committees ILO, FAO, UNESCO, WHO, IMF, IDA, IBRD, IFC, ICAO UPU, WMO, IMO, WIPO, IMU, IFAD, UNIDA, GATT IMU, IFAD, UNIDA, GATT

Secretariat International Court of Justice UNWRA United Nations Trustee-shipCouncil GeneralAssembly SecurityCouncil Economic and Social Council Military Staff Committee Main Committees Standing Committees Other Subsidiary Organs UNOMIG UNAVEM III UNDOFUNFICYPUNIFILUNMOGIPUNTSOUNIKOMMINURSOONUSALUNPROFORUNSCOMUNMIHETC. UNCTAD, UNICEF, UNHCR, WFP, UNITAR, UNDP, UNEP, UNU, UN Special Fund, World Food Programme, HABITAT, UNFPA Regional Commissions Functional Commissions Other Committees ILO, FAO, UNESCO, WHO, IMF, IDA, IBRD, IFC, ICAO UPU, WMO, IMO, WIPO, IMU, IFAD, UNIDA, GATT IMU, IFAD, UNIDA, GATT

GA ECOSOC UNCTAD UNICEF UNHCR WFP UNITAR UNDP UNEP UNU UN Special Fund World Food Council HABITAT UNFPA ILO FA0 UNESCO WHO IMF World Bank IDA IBRD IFC ICAO UPU ITU WMO IMO WIPO IFAD UNIDA GATT Regional and Functional Commissions United Nations

GA ECOSOC UNCTAD UNICEF UNHCR UNHCHR WFP UNITAR UNDP UNEP UNU UN Special Fund World Food Council HABITAT UNFPA ILO FA0 UNESCO WHO IMF World Bank IDA IBRD IFC ICAO UPU ITU WMO IMO WIPO IFAD UNIDA GATT Regional and Functional Commissions United Nations

General Assembly FIRST COMMITTEEDISARMAMENT AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY SECOND COMMITTEEECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL THIRD COMMITTEESOCIAL, HUMANITARIAN AND CULTURAL FOURTH COMMITTEESPECIAL POLITICAL AND DECOLONISATION FIFTH COMMITTEEADMINISTRATIVE AND BUDGETARY SIXTH COMMITTEELEGAL STANDING COMMITTEES “ACABQ” ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATIVE AND BUDGETARY QUESTIONS MAIN COMMITTEES

The Secretariat  FUNCTIONS OF THE SECRETARIAT  DPKO WITHIN THE SECRETARIAT  PEACEKEEPING IS UNIQUE  THE OPERATIONAL ASPECT  DPKO IS A RECENT INVENTION  OCHA WITHIN THE SECRETARIAT  ROLES  OCHA IS A RECENT INVENTION

The Secretary General is the Chief Administrative Officer of the UN  Produce reports for legislative organs  Provide secretariat services  Provide meeting services  Provide editorial, translation, & reproduction services  Conduct studies  Promote economic & social development  Produce & publish statistical publications

 Organize conferences, expert group meetings and seminars  Provide technical assistance  Undertake fact finding  Disseminate information on UN activities  Provide planning, financial, personnel, legal and general services The Secretary General is the Chief Administrative Officer of the UN (continued)

Produce reports for legislative organs Provide secretariat services Provide meeting services Provide editorial, translation, & reproduction services Conduct studies Promote economic & social development Produce & publish statistical publications Organize conferences, expert group meetings & seminars Provide technical assistance Undertake fact finding Disseminate information on UN activities Provide planning, financial, personnel, legal & general services -Plan, prepare, conduct and direct all UN Field Operations, in particular peace-keeping and humanitarian operations The Secretary General is the Chief Administrative Officer of the UN

NEW PLANNING MECHANISMS “Emergency Response Committee”  Coordinated Planning Mechanism  Chaired by the Secretary-General  Composed of:  Department of Political Affairs  Department of Peacekeeping Operations  Office of the Coordinator of Humanitarian Affairs

Resolutions and Mandates  Military Perception of What is Needed  Military Style Guidance & Orders  Clearly defined tasks  Force structures  Limitations  Clear direction on Use of Force In other words the military want Operational Guidance

Resolutions and Mandates  The UN is a Political Structure  The UN operates at the International Strategic Political Level  The Mandate will be a Political Statement This does not mean that the Mandate cannot address the Military, Humanitarian, Human Rights and other Concerns

Members Bring To The Table  National Interest  International  Neighbors  Parties to the Conflict - Interests  Humanitarian Considerations  Relief / Protection / Reconstruction / Development  Human Rights Considerations  Media Perceptions  The Costs of Intervention

Requirements  Balance all the Concerns  Build a Consensus  Meet the Bulk of National & International Interests Reconcile the Impossible

SECURITY COUNCIL  How does the Council deal with a Security Issue  May be brought by a number of players  Member States party to the problem  States even if not Members  General Assembly  Secretary General  Regional Arrangements

SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION CONFLICT SC Consultations Mandate Discussion SC Resolution Mission Fact Finding Reports Sec-Gen Good Offices OCHA DPA DPKO Military Advisor TCNs Mission Planning Budget Force Comd ERC

SECURITY COUNCIL  On what basis are decisions made?  Too much information  Political, Diplomatic, Humanitarian Feedback  Fact Finding Reports  Secretary General’s Reports  Information and Intelligence  First Hand Visits - Representatives  Media

THE MANDATE PROCESS TODAY  In comparison to the past the process has become effective  Understands and recognizes multi-dimensional, multi-lateral operations  Recognizes the impact of Regional Organizations  Provides comprehensive mandates to missions

The UN and PSO ? Questions & Answers