The Beginning of the Fur Trade

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Presentation transcript:

The Beginning of the Fur Trade

Patterns of European Expansionism 3 G s (15th-18thC) Glory Gold God 3 Cs (19th-20thC) Commerce Christianity Civilization

3 G’s Gold God Glory

Reasons for Exploration: To find a sea route to the spices of Asia To find gold, silver, and precious stones To expand their knowledge of the world To control a larger empire To expand Christianity To find animal furs

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization Explorers Conquistadores Missionaries European Colonial Empire Permanent Settlers

Arrival of European Europeans began hunting and farming in land that was once used only by the First Nations. They were having their land taken by them, and this was being done without permission.

http://www.furtradestories.ca/era_1600to1867.htm l The fur trade helped shape Canada’s historical development by pushing exploration and expansion westward and northward.  When we look at the explorers and other groups associated with the fur trade during this period, we see its impact on our social, economic and political development:

The Outcomes of the Fur Trade The interaction between First Nations and Europeans The rivalry between the Hudson’s Bay Company and the North West Company The rise of the Métis nation The settlement of the Red River colony.

European Impact on the Natives Europeans brought diseases to the First Nations. Measles Influenza Pertussis (whooping cough) Chickenpox The First Nations peoples had never been exposed to such illness (lacked immunity) and as a result many First Nation people died.

Popularity of Furs Fancy furs from Canada became very popular back in Europe. Wolf, lynx, beaver

The Role of First Nations First Nations peoples would bring in furs Often they would trade the furs for items that were worth a a lot less than the value of the furs. Hatchets, pots, beads, knives Supplemented income from fishing and hunting

Port Royal Samuel de Champlain Company of Good Cheer Acadia Established 1605 Company of Good Cheer cooking club Acadia Port Royal eventually led to the creation of Acadia

Quebec City Samuel de Champlain Fur trade alliances Established 1608 Algonkians, Montagnais ally with the French Don’t trade furs with the English

The Huron Economy based on farming Allied with Champlain against Iroquois Pre-existing uneasy relationship with Algonkians and Montagnais (also Champlain allies) By 1616 the Huron supplied a major source of furs for the French

Learning the Fur Trade The Fur Trade was a very big business. Soon, Europeans learned how to trap furs from the First Nation people Trading Posts were built throughout Canada

Coureurs de Bois Young Male Fur Traders Explorers Who did not work for a specific company Travelled inland to find furs at the source Bribed officials to turn a blind eye Explorers Searched for the Northwest Passage

Two Fur Trade Companies Hudson’s Bay Company English Royal Charter 1670 North West Trading Company Began as 16 fur traders in Montreal French 1779