Residential Schools for Children CHC2D8 Ms. Gluskin

Vocabulary Indian Act (noun) = a set of rules that controlled (and still does) the lives of Aboriginal people in Canada Assimilation (noun) = becoming like the majority of people Reserves (noun) = land the government said Aboriginal people should live on Treaties (noun) = agreements between the government and Native peoples Discipline (noun) = strict control Abuse (noun) = hurtful treatment Nurture (verb) = to care for

Indian Act 1876: First passed. The federal government treated the Aboriginal people like children. 1884: Banned some ceremonies. The government was critical of Aboriginal cultures. 1920: Aboriginal children had to attend a residential school. 1920s: Made it illegal (not legal) for Aboriginals to hire lawyers to fight for their rights.

All photos from Legacy of Hope are-the-children/gallery are-the-children/gallery

Children Come From Families Métis family at Fort Chipewyan, Alberta, 1899 Photographer unknown Glenbow Archives, NA Alexie family, Ulkatcho First Nation, Mud Bay, BC, 1922 Photo: Canadian Museum of Civilization, photo Harlan I. Smith, 1922, image 56918

Metis, Inuit and First Nations Children Attended Two Métis children standing next to an Inuit child (centre) at the Anglican-run All Saints Residential School, Shingle Point, Yukon, ca Photographer: J.F. Moran Library and Archives Canada, PA

School Aboriginal children in class at the Fort George Catholic Indian Residential School, Fort George, Quebec, 1939 Archives Deschâtelets

Religion “Looking Unto Jesus.” A class in penmanship at the Red Deer Indian Industrial School, Red Deer, Alberta, ca or United Church of Canada, Archives,93.049P/850 N

Training Rather than Education Mi’kmaq girls in sewing class at the Roman Catholic- run Shubenacadie Indian Residential School, Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia, 1929 Library and Archives Canada, PA

Disease Mollie was a Métis girl at the Carcross Indian Residential School who became ill when cholera struck the school in Mollie died and was buried near Bishop Bompas. Yukon Archives, Anglican Church, Diocese of Yukon fonds, 86/61, #591 At least 4000 children died in Residential schools. Many died of diseases such as TB, flu, malnutrition, fire, drowning, suicide, running away.

Work Students had to work at the schools. This boy at Edmonton Indian Residential School was ploughing fields around 1930.

The System was BAD ‘Some former students have fond memories of their time at residential schools, and certainly some of the priests and nuns who ran the schools treated the students as best they could given the circumstances. But even these “good” experiences occurred within a system aimed at destroying Aboriginal cultures and assimilating Aboriginal students.’ UBC Indigenous Foundations: First Nations Studies Program. The Residential School System policy/the-residential-school-system.html (March 20, 2014). policy/the-residential-school-system.html

Homework Fill in worksheet on Aboriginal Rights.

Videos Where the spirit lives. 7XY 7XY We were children. ailer/we_were_children_trailer ailer/we_were_children_trailer