MSC PES 1A 1 Physical Education Studies 1A Circulatory System

MSC PES 1A 2 Introduction What is the Circulatory System? Think of it as a series of highways and roads in which nutrients and O 2 as well as CO 2 and waste around our bodies. Clickview Circulatory System Clickview Circulatory System

MSC PES 1A 3 The Blood Blood is the fluid transported by the circulatory system to every cell of the body. It serves the following functions:

MSC PES 1A 4 The Blood Transport of nutrients Regulation of the body’s fluid content Regulation of the body’s temperature Protection of the body

MSC PES 1A 5 Major Components of Blood Plasma: is the watery part of the blood in which other cells and substances are suspended. It contains 1.Water 2.Nutrients 3.Hormones 4.Waste Products

MSC PES 1A 6 Major Components of Blood Red Blood Cells: give blood its red colour. Make up the majority of blood cells. RBC’s carry oxygen to our cells. Millions of RBC’s are produced in the bone marrow each minute and last up to 4 months. Millions of RBC’s are produced in the bone marrow each minute and last up to 4 months.

MSC PES 1A 7 Major Components of Blood White Blood Cells: are larger than RBC’s and fewer in numbers. Are produced in the bone marrow & lymph nodes. WBC move to sites of infection, where they destroy bacteria & disease causing organisms by eating them! Life span of only a few days. For those that don’t know who this is…its PACMAN!!!

MSC PES 1A 8 Major Components of Blood Platelets: tiny fragments of other cells produced in the bone marrow. Are responsible for clotting blood.

MSC PES 1A 9 Blood Vessels Carry blood from the heart, distribute it through the body and return it to the heart. Also called the vascular system. There are 3 types of blood vessels:

MSC PES 1A 10 Arteries Carry blood AWAY from the heart. Pushed through by surges of pressure caused by the beating of the heart. Have thick elastic walls composed of smooth muscle. Elastic Fibres Muscle Fibres Thick Wall No Valves Small Lumen

MSC PES 1A 11 Arteries 3 Arteries leave the heart:  Aorta: largest artery in the body which oxygenated blood flows to the body.  Pulmonary Arteries: carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to each lung. Main arteries branch into smaller arteries called arterioles. These then turn into capillaries.

MSC PES 1A 12 Capillaries More than 100,000 km of capillaries in the body! Very thin walls for diffusion. Only part of circulatory system where oxygen, nutrients and waste products can be passed in & out. Eventually capillaries form venules which in turn form into veins.

MSC PES 1A 13 Veins Carry blood TO the heart. Walls are thinner and less elastic. Large Lumen Have Valves Elastic Fibres Muscle Fibres Thinner Wall Valves Large Lumen

MSC PES 1A 14 Veins - Valves Because pressure is lower in veins, blood needs help getting back to the heart. 1.Contraction of skeletal muscles. 2.Valves to prevent back flow.

MSC PES 1A 15 Veins 4 veins enter the heart. Two returning deoxygenated blood from the body called the superior vena cava & inferior vena cava and two bringing oxygenated blood from the lungs called pulmonary veins. Two returning deoxygenated blood from the body called the superior vena cava & inferior vena cava and two bringing oxygenated blood from the lungs called pulmonary veins.

MSC PES 1A 16 The Heart The Heart is a muscular pump which contracts rhythmically and continuously to drive blood around the body through the blood vessels. Not what a real heart looks like!

MSC PES 1A 17 The Heart The Heart has 4 Chambers: 1.Atria: 2 Upper Chambers which receive blood. 2.Ventricles: 2 Lower Chambers which pump out the blood.

MSC PES 1A 18 The Heart Left and right side are separated by a wall called the septum. The blood on the 2 sides DOES NOT MIX!. Right side has deoxygenated blood. Left side has oxygenated blood. Valves are found between atria & ventricles to stop back flow of blood.

MSC PES 1A 19 The Heart Drag & Drop Heart Quiz Drag & Drop Heart Quiz

MSC PES 1A 20 Heart Dissection