1 Energy Flow Through in Ecosystems Lesson 1 Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy Pyramids

2 The Earth is SOLAR POWERED! _____________ is the main source of energy for life on Earth. SUNLIGHT ALL LIVING THINGS USE ENERGY

3Photosynthesis Chemical reaction where green plants use water & carbon dioxide to store the sun’s energy in glucose Chemical reaction where green plants use water & carbon dioxide to store the sun’s energy in glucose

4 An organism that can make its own food are called An organism that can make its own food are called PRODUCERS.

5 The energy that is not used by producers can be passed on to organisms that cannot make their own energy.

6 An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms are called CONSUMERS.

7 HETEROTROPHS = CONSUMERS ________________ = eat only plants ________________ = eat only animals ________________ = eat both plants & animals HERBIVORES CARNIVORES OMNIVORES

8 Carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms are called scavengers

9 Decomposers Decomposers break down biotic wastes & dead organisms, returning raw materials to the ecosystem Ex. Fungi & bacteria

10 Series of events win which 1 organism eats another & obtains energy ________________ = _________________ PRODUCERS (Autotrophs) CONSUMERS (Heterotrophs) ↑ ↑ FOOD CHAIN

11 The transfer of energy from the sun to producer to primary consumer then to higher order consumers can be shown in a FOOD CHAIN. ONLY 1 Direction!!

12 Food Chain Producer ( trapped sunlight & stored food) 1 st level Consumer 2 nd level Consumer 3 rd level consumer 4 th level Consumer

13 More Food Chains

14 Name the Producer, Consumers & Decomposers in this food chain:

15 In most ecosystems feeding relationships are more complex A ______________ consists of many overlapping chains in an ecosystem. FOOD WEB Pearson Education Inc, Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

16 How Many Chains are in this web?

17 Levels Producers Always The First Level How Energy Enters The System Herbivores Second Level (1 st consumers) Feed directly on producers Carnivores/Omnivores Make Up The Remaining Levels Each level depends on the one below it for energy.

18 Diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another is an ENERGY PYRAMID

19 Energy Pyramids Show Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers It takes a large number of producers to support a smaller number herbivores & large number of herbivores to support a smaller number of carnivores It takes a large number of producers to support a smaller number herbivores & large number of herbivores to support a smaller number of carnivores

20 Energy Pyramids Show Available Energy

21 Energy Pyramid Only 10% of energy at level is moved to the next level--Rest is lost as HEAT

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23 Identify the Producers, Consumers, & Decomposers: Count the Food Chains!