Abnormal Psychology 48% experienced psychological disorders 80% sought no treatment

Five definitions 1. Deviation from a statistical norm. 2. Deviation from social norms. 3. Maladaptive behavior.

4. Personal distress. 5. Insanity. Classifying Abnormal Behavior

DSM-IV-TR 17 very detailed categories of specific psychological disorders. Older method- two categories

Neurosis Characterized by anxiety, unhappiness and maladaptive behavior. Psychosis Serious psychological dysfunction characterized by a lack of contact with reality.

Compare and contrast: Neurosis vs. Psychosis 1. Hospitalization. 2. Contact with reality. 3. Danger to self and others. 4. Treatment

Anxiety Disorders Generalized Anxiety Disorder characterized by excessive, global and persistent anxiety and tension. Also known as free- floating anxiety.

Panic attacks Sudden episodes of acute and overwhelming apprehension and terror. Phobias Unrealistic fear of almost anything

Examples: Triskaidekaphobia Agoraphobia fear of panic attack in public

Social phobia fear of being embarrassed, judged, or criticized by others. Posttraumatic stress disorder

Chronic and persistent symptoms of anxiety developed in response to extreme psychological or physical trauma.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Feel compelled to think about things they would rather not think about or perform acts they do not wish to carry out. Obsessions- unwelcome thoughts or images

Compulsions- irresistible urges to carry out certain acts or rituals. Affective Disorders

Depression Two ways to define: 1. Abnormal when out of proportion to the event. 2. Symptom checklist. Examples

Bipolar disorder (manic depression) Alternating euphoria and depression Norepinephrine Lithium Examples of Manic Behavior

Personality Disorders A whole group of disorders characterized by inflexible and maladaptive patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that are stable over time.

Paranoid Personality Disorder pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of the motives of others. mostly men pathological jealousy

Antisocial Personality (sociopath or psychopath) A pervasive pattern of disregarding and violating the rights of others. Six characteristics: 1. No guilt or remorse.

2. Longstanding patterns or maladaptive behavior. 3. No conscience 4. No feelings for others. 5. Highly manipulative. 6. Mostly men.

Treatment- not good outcomes Cause- genetic or environmental? Borderline Personality Disorder Most common of all personality disorders.

10 million people with B.P.D of which 75% are women. Chronic instability in emotions, self-image and relationships.

Dissociative Disorders Disruption in awareness, memory, or identity. Dissociative Experience Person’s awareness, memory, or personal identity become divided.

Dissociative Identity Disorder Known as D I D and confused with schizophrenia Must have two or more distinct personalities. Range: 2 to to 15 most common

Alters take control Amnesia common Mostly women Controversial disorder Schizophrenia