Pediatric Immunization (EPI) Garcia, Garzon, Gaspar, Gatchalian, Gaw, Geraldoy, Geronimo, Geronimo, Geronimo

VaccineMin age at 1 st dose Number of doses DoseMinimum interval between doses RouteSite BCG Birth or anytime after birth mL-- Intradermal Right deltoid region of the arm DPT 6 weeks mL4 weeks Intramuscular Upper outer portion of the thigh OPV 6 weeks 32-3 drops 4 weeks Oral Mouth Hep B At birth mL 6 weeks interval from 1st dose to 2nd dose, 8 weeks interval from 2nd dose to third dose. Intramuscular Upper outer portion of the thigh Measles 9 months mL-- Subcutaneous Upper outer portion of the arms Expanded Program on Immunization

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine against tuberculosis Attenuated live bovine tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium bovis Protective effect against meningitis and disseminated TB in children Does not prevent primary infection; or reactivation of latent pulmonary infection Adverse effects: – Pain and scarring at the site of injection – Keloid – Subcutaneously: local skin infection that may spread to the regional lymph nodes causing suppurative lymphadenitis – Immunocompromised: disseminated infection

Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus Vaccine components: diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, killed whole cells of the organism that causes pertussis (wP) DTaP: acellular pertussis- uses fewer antigens than the whole cell vaccines  safer, more expensive Adverse effects: – Fever – Soreness at injection site – Abscess

Oral Polio Vaccine Live-attenuated vaccine Three doses of live-attenuated OPV produce protective antibody to all three poliovirus types in more than 95% of recipients No side effects

Hepatitis B Contains one of the viral envelope proteins, hepatitis B surface antigen HbsAg Recommended for babies born to mothers with active hepatitis B infections reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission Generally safe; mild fever may develop 1-2 days after administration

Measles Live, attenuated strain of the measles virus grown in chick embryo tissue culture Adverse effects: – Fever – Mild rash (7-12 days after vaccination usually) – Allergic reactions- rare

Tetanus Toxoid Immunization Schedule for Women When given to women of childbearing age, vaccines that contain tetanus toxoid (TT or Td) not only protect women against tetanus, but also prevent neonatal tetanus in their newborn infants

Vaccine Minimum Age/Interval Percent Protected Duration of Protection TT1 As early as possible during pregnancy -- TT2 At least 4 weeks later 80% Infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus Gives 3 years protection for the mother TT3 At least 6 months later 95% Infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus Gives 5 years protection for the mother TT4 At least 1 year later 99% Infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus Gives 10 years protection for the mother TT5 At least 1 year later 99% Gives lifetime protection for the mother All infants born to that mother will be protected Tetanus Toxoid Immunization Schedule for Women

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