Fighting for Independence Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Fighting for Independence

Comparing Armies The Continental Army which was led by George Washington had no uniforms or guns. Some fought in the French and Indian War, but many had no training. Congress had little money and supplies to pay for everything the army needed.

A Strong Enemy The British army was made up of experienced soldiers. Mercenaries (hired soldiers) were also used by the British soldiers. They were also known as Hessians. One disadvantage they faced was getting the supplies they needed to fight the war because they were so many miles away from home.

A Surprise Attack On Christmas Night Patriot troops crossed the icy Delaware and marched nine miles to Trenton to surprise attack the sleeping Hessians troops. The attack only lasting one hour before the Hessian troops surrendered. This victory gave American soldiers hope for the future.

The Battle of Saratoga The Continental army forces circled General Burgoyne’s army near the town of Saratoga. Burgoyne and his soldiers could not break through American lines. The Battle of Saratoga was actually two battles that took place over three weeks. In the second battle, General Benedict Arnold led a group of soldiers in a daring attack.

The Battle of Saratoga….. On October 17, Burgoyne surrendered to the American troops. The British loss at Saratoga was a turning point in the Revolution. The Americans saw it as a chance that they could win the war.

Winter at Valley Forge The winter at Valley Forge was tough for the Americans soldiers. Food and supplies were very limited. The soldiers looked for ways to boost their morale. The arrival of volunteers from other countries helped to build the Continental armies momentum.

Contributions from Other Nations Benjamin Franklin negotiated with France to gain their support. He argued that France would benefit from beating their old enemy. In 1779, Spain declared war on Britain. Bernardo Galavez gave guns food and money to the Americans. Later, the troops joined the fight. Netherlands gave a loan to Congress The Russians helped keep the British from blocking trade with America