Marine Biology Unit #5

 Vertebrates  Scaly skin  Lay eggs  Reptiles found in subtropics and tropics  Birds found from tropics to polar seas

 7000 species; arose about 325 mya  Walking or crawling on two pairs limbs  Lungs  Waterproof eggs  Ectothermic  Dry scales Sea turtles Sea snakes Marine iguana Saltwater crocodile

 Found in tropics and subtropics  Head not retractable into carapace  Flippers  Bouyant  7 species  Endangered

 Green Sea Turtle Tropical Grows to 1 meter Eats seagrasses

 Hawksbill Turtle Smaller Red-brown shell Carnivorous

 Leatherback Turtle Largest sea turtle Up to 2 meters; 500 kg Shell not solid Eats jellies

 Loggerhead Turtle < 1 meter Florida Eats crustaceans

 Ridley Sea Turtles Kemp’s  Smallest sea turtle  ~ 60 cm long  Gulf of Mexico Olive or Pacific  tropical

 Flatback Sea Turtle Northern Australia Coastal

 Mating in the water  Female buries about 100 eggs  Mates again  4-5 egg layings per year  Hatch? Dogs Crabs Varmints Birds Fish

 Found in tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans  50 species  Venomous  Paddle-shaped tail  Prey on bottom fish

 1 species; found on Galapagos Islands  Paddle-shaped tail  Feeds on seaweeds

 Inhabit mangrove swamps  Eastern Indian Ocean, Australia, and Western Pacific Ocean  Grow up to 10 meters  Aggressive

 Will attack and eat people (or sharks!)

 9700 species of birds; 300 are sea birds  Endothermic  Waterproof feathers  Hollow bones  Predators

 Penguins Most aquatic of all sea birds 18 species All in Southern Hemisphere Completely flightless Eats fish, krill, squid, shellfish

 Galapagos Penguin found on equator

 Shorebirds Sandpipers Oystercatchers Snowy egrets Sea gulls

 Diving Shorebirds Pelicans Cormorants Ospreys

 Diving Pelagic Birds Petrels Auks Gannets Puffins Albatrosses