Team Lightning Rod Critical Design Review Fall 2010 Rev A Trevor Luke Chris Bennett Matt Holmes Sushia Rahimizadeh Alex Shelanski Matthew Dickinson Jesse Ellison 10/7/2010

Mission Overview  Objective  To determine if future spacecraft will be able to utilize energy generated by vibrational and rotational motion as additional energy sources  To determine if more energy can be generated from vibrational motion or rotational motion  What we hope to prove and discover  A significant amount of energy can be produced from the motion of the satellite  A satellite can generate enough energy to power some systems  Hypothesis  Rotational motion will produce more energy than vibrational motion  Why we are doing this mission  To develop an alternative method of generating power for spacecraft

Requirements Flow Down Goal: The goal of team Lightning Rod is to send a balloon satellite equipped with an electromagnetic generator to an altitude of thirty kilometers to determine if vibrational and rotational energy can be harnessed as a supplemental and renewable energy source for future spacecraft. Level 0 Objective 1: Fly a satellite to 30 km. RequirementsObjective 1 Requirements Level 1Reference O1.R1 Satellite Zeus will be attached to a helium weather balloon that will carry it up to 30 km. O1 O1.R2 Satellite Zeus will be attached to the balloon on a piece of rope that will run directly through the center of the satellite. O1 O1.R3Satellite Zeus will be kept stable on the rope by using washers and clips. O1

RequirementsObjective 2 Requirements Level 1Reference O2.R1 Satellite Zeus will be kept above -10 degrees by using an electric heater that will be created by Team Lightning Rod and will be powered using 9V batteries. O2 O2.R2 Satellite Zeus will be insulated with ½ inch foam insulation to keep the Satellite above -10 degrees Celsius O2 O2.R3Satellite Zeus will also have no holes to contain the heat in the satellite. O2 Level 0 Objective 2: Keep the internal temperature of the satellite above -10 degrees Celsius. Level 0 Objective 3: Keep the overall weight of the satellite below 850 g. RequirementsObjective 3 Requirements Level 1Reference O3.R1Satellite Zeus will be under 850 grams by keeping a very meticulous budget that keeps track of the weight of every piece of equipment that will be on the satellite. O3

RequirementsObjective 4 Requirements Level 1Reference O4.R1 Satellite Zeus will fly the Cannon camera to capture photos of near space. O4 O4.R2 The camera on Satellite Zeus will be programmed ahead of time so that it will work independently of all other electronics during the flight. O4 O4.R3 The HOBO datalogger will be a standalone item in the satellite that will measure the internal temperature, external temperature, and relative pressure. O4 O4.R4The HOBO datalogger information will then be used to determine the satellites position at certain times during the ascent and descent of the satellite. O4 Level 0 Objective 4: Fly a Cannon Camera and the HOBO datalogger on the satellite. RequirementsObjective 5 Requirements Level 1Reference O5.R1 The electromagnetic generator will have magnets that vibrate as the satellite vibrates, thus producing an electric current. O5 O5.R2The created energy will then be held in a capacitor.O5 O5.R3The amount of energy in the capacitor will be constantly measured and recorded by the data storage device on the microcontroller. O5 Level 0 Objective 5: Capture and store kinetic energy using the vibrating electromagnetic generator.

Level 0 Objective 6: Capture and store kinetic energy using the rotational electromagnetic generator. RequirementsObjective 6 Requirements Level 1Reference O6.R1 The electromagnetic generator will have magnets that vibrate as the satellite vibrates, thus producing an electric current. O6 O6.R2The created energy will then be held in a capacitor.O6 O6.R3The amount of energy in the capacitor will be constantly measured and recorded by the data storage device on the microcontroller. O6 Level 0 Objective 7: Compare the results of the rotational generator and the vibrational generator to see which one is most effective RequirementsObjective 7 Requirements Level 1Reference O7.R1 After Satellite Zeus is retrieved, the data from the two generators will be uploaded onto a computer for analysis. O7 O7.R2We will compare the data results as a function of time and also in reference to the information retrieved by the HOBO datalogger so that we can understand the best results at the relative moments of the flight. O7

Design  We will design and construct two electromagnetic generators  One rotational generator  One vibrational generator  We will test them to make sure that they are both efficient and reliable  Energy output data during the flight will be processed and stored on the micro-controller  We will analyze the data when Satellite Zeus returns to determine which generator was more efficient  Our mission will achieve success when we demonstrate the ability to generate electricity from the g-forces that act upon Zeus

The Generators Rotational Generator Vibrational Generator

2D Model

3D Model

Functional Block Diagram

PartTypeQtyUnitsSource $Part $Ship CostMass 36 ga. Wire-11/4 lbpowerwerx.com 9V BatteriesEnergizer12per/packWal-Mart $ -169g AA BatteriesEnergizer8-Wal-Mart $ -87g Aluminum Tape-3mClass $ - Anti-Abrasion washers-2-Class $ - CameraCanon1-Class $ - CapacitorTAP156K010SCS20-mouser.com $ 0.77 $ 2.32 $ g Data storage24AA1025-I/P1-mouser.com $ 3.69 $ 2.32 $ g Development BoardDEV SparkFun $ $ 6.90 $ g Foam Core-3ShtClass $ - Heater-1-Built outside class $ - Hobo-1-Class $ - Hot Glue-4-Class $ - LDO RegulatorAMEILI7CCBT1-mouser.com $ 1.14 $ 2.32 $ 3.46 Machine ScrewModel # x20mmHome Depot $ 0.68 $ MagnetsNeodymium Magnets16.75x.75x.25 inMagnet4less.com $ 1.17$13.91 $ g MicrocontrollerPIC16F887-I/P1-SparkFun $ 2.64 $ 2.32 $ g Nylon washersModel # bagsHome Depot $ - Paper Clips-4-Class $ - Plexi glassModel # GE-331 Home Depot $ - RelaysV23079A1001B3014-mouser.com $ 2.28 $ 2.32 $ g Rubber Bumpers 4 Ace Hardware ? ? ?? Spring Steel-1 (.5x.015) inx10ftMcMaster.com $ $ 4.67 $ SwitchesCWSC11JFAFS2-mouser.com $ 3.33 $ 2.32 $ 8.984g

Budget $ Cost of Supplies $ Hardware Mass563.44g Estimated Mass700g Parts that have been ordered: 20 Capacitors Data Storage Development Board LDO Regulator 16 Neodymium magnets Microcontroller 4 Relays Spring Steel 2 Switches *All parts have been delivered already. Parts that need to be purchased: Batteries Wire Nylon Washers Plexi-glass Rubber Bumpers 25 machine screws **Parts are to be purchased before this weekend

Schedule Complete proposal and presentation and submit online—Due 9/16 by 7:00 am Fill out order form and order hardware— 9/23 at 11:30 Team meeting-10/4 at 3:00 Cut out generator structures-10/4 Wrap copper coils-10/4 Write presentation-Due 10/5 by 7:00 Team meeting-10/5 at 3:00 pm Test structure—10/5 to 10/8 Assemble magnets and spring steel for vibrational generator-10/5 Complete construction of vibrational and rotational generators—10/8 Team meeting-10/10 at 2:00 pm Test and adjust generator design to optimize voltage-10/10 Assemble and wire satellite—10/10 to 10/15 Complete the wiring of satellite—10/16 Team meeting-10/17 at 2:00 pm Program satellite hardware—10/17 to 10/22 Final Construction Completed—10/23 Team meeting-10/24 at 2:00pm Final Testing—10/24 to 10/29 Project Finished—10/30 Buffer Week—10/31 to 11/5 Finish Critical Design Review-11/2 Launch—11/6 Write final presentation-11/30 Finish Analysis and Final Report- 12/4 Team video due-12/4

Test Plan TestExplanationDate of Test Rotational Generator Test We will test the generator in a simulated rotational environment that it will experiencing during flight to determine that it works correctly. We will make the necessary changes to make it optimally efficient. 10/11/2010 Vibrational Generator Test We will test the generator on the Oscilloscope in the ITLL to determine that it is working correctly and make the necessary changes to make it optimally efficient. 10/11/2010 Drop Test We will drop the satellite (weighted with rocks) from various heights to determine weak points in the structure. 10/13/2010 Whip Test We will attach an accurately weighted prototype to a string (same type as the launch string) and swing it to determine if the structure will survive the whipping after burst and to see if our method of attachment to the string is effective. 10/13/2010 Cold Test We will place the Satellite in a Cooler with dry ice for several hours to determine if it will be able to withstand the extreme temperatures. 10/16/2010 Camera Test We will test that the camera functions at room temperature to determine if it is programmed and wired correctly before the launch. 10/16/2010

Expected Results  The generators will produce a measurable amount of power  More power from rotational generator than from the vibrational generator  Higher energy output during turbulence  Highest energy output during burst  Results independent of temperature and pressure

Team Org Chart Trevor Luke  Team Leader —Scheduling, Communications, Documentation Chris Bennett  Structure Co-Head —Presentation Collaborator Matt Holmes  Budget Head —Programming Assistant, Documentation Alex Shelanski  Testing Head —Film Jesse Ellison  Electronics Head —Drafting/Design Matthew Dickinson  Structure Co-Head —Testing Assistant Sushians Rahimizadeh  Programming Head —Mission Design

Biggest Worries  Time constraint  Vibration generator failure  Glitches in the programming  Component failure  Generator breaking on impact