12 th May 06BASIC Project, India Workshop1 ENHANCING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF INDIA An International Workshop on Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change: From Practice to Policy An International Workshop on Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change: From Practice to Policy May 11-12, 2006 New Delhi, India Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy

12 th May 06BASIC Project, India Workshop2 V&A PROGRAMME Project VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND ENHANSING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SEMI-ARID AREAS OF INDIA Project VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND ENHANSING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SEMI-ARID AREAS OF INDIA Supported by : Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Global Environment Facility (GEF) Duration: 4 years (2005 to 2009) Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan States Institutional set-up National consortium lead Lead partner is MSSRF Co-partners are AFPRO and MANAGE International consortium support services INFRAS and INTERCOOPERATION Switzerland

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop3 Semi-arid regions ? These climates are characterized by the fact that precipitation is less than potential evapotranspiration. Characterized by relatively low annual rainfall of 25 to 60 centimeters and having scrubby vegetation with short, coarse grasses; not completely arid.

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop4 Why semi-arid area was chosen ? Climate extremes are an expected characteristic of semi- arid lands. The people living in the semi-arid areas are particularly vulnerable to droughts, which trigger frequent subsistence crises -- sharply increasing crop failures, dislocation, famine, poverty, increases stratification and the social inequities.

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop5 Peoples Voices Increase in migration in our village is due to lack of rains, the agricultural labor are migrating to urban areas. - Mr. Balaram Reddy, Karimnagar People are shifting out of agriculture and taking up other means of livelihood activities due to lack of water. In this context food security has become another important issue - Mr. Sheshagiri Rao, Bharat Krishak Samaj Mahabubnagar

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop6 Enhancing Adaptive capacity 1. The general ability of institutions, systems, and individuals to adjust to potential damage, to take advantage of opportunities, or to cope with the consequences. 2. Most populations know from local history the frequency and likely consequences of extreme climatic events. And most populations in highly variable or extreme climatic zones shape their livelihood systems to buffer against potential catastrophes.

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop7 UNFCCC Mitigation (Kyoto Protocol) Adaptation Internal measures Flexible mechanisms Joint Implementation International Emissions Trading Clean Development Mechanism Step I: Assessment of impacts and vulnerability Step III: Adaptation measures Step II: Capacity building

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop8 The process of adaptation Preparation (incl. training/training needs evaluation) Vulnerability assessment Implementation of adaptation measures At the appropriated level

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop9 Objectives of Policy and Advocacy To foster dialogue and improve communication between all kind of interfaces in order to better address climate changes. Agree with partners on a common conceptual framework regarding the way forward. To ensure bottom-up linkages through policy dialogue at national and international level.

12 th May 06BASIC Project, India Workshop10 Nationally support process that would influence the systems within the government, through dialogue on a meaningful platform Internationally support process which would lead to simplification of protocols and mechanisms in favor of the poor Support to partners for documenting best practices /cases to influence policies

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop11

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop12 Other national and international partners for selected activities SDC - Steering and trust management National Level Steering Committee –GOI (Agriculture and MoEF), NGOs, Research Institutions, SDC, other donors, etc. State Level Advisory Committees (for Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan States) –GoAP, NGOs, Research Institutions, District Collector, etc. National Forum on Advocacy Vulnerability Atlas by MSSRF A Website for sharing the learnings Policy and Advocacy - Process

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop13 V & A Programme - Goal To secure the livelihoods of rural poor & vulnerable communities by promoting adoption measures that builds & enhance their capacity to better cope with adverse impacts of climate change & by promoting their disaster preparedness

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop14 Project Objectives To build community level capacities with regards to best practices and technologies in the agriculture, water & energy sector To optimize the service delivery system & services at selected sites of AP & Raj To promote policy dialogue, & advocacy at different levels

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop15 Process oriented, allowing a multi-level, learning-action-reflection cycle Holistic approach (funds, functionaries and functions): systemic livelihoods Interlinking levels: community level with state, national, regional, and international level Focus on optimising delivery systems' at local community level, i.e. the role of extension services in enhancing the coping capacity of local liveli-hood systems against the adverse impacts of climate change. Salient features of the V & A Programme

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop16 Thematic Focus Rural Energy (Biomass) Water (Availability & Quality) Agriculture (Food Security)

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop17 Field level interventions

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop : Inception phase: –Finalise work plan, plan activities, start first activities : Implementation phase –Research, action learning, pilot activities at community level, 2008: Outreach & dissemination phase –Translate action learning and pilot activity results into policy dialogue. Duration/Period:

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop19 Scope of Activities Research Capacity Building Partnership Building Infrastructure Building Demonstration of relevant ideas/technologies

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop20 Research Vulnerability Profile Knowledge Gaps Appropriate technologies Situational Analysis Document- ation of Best Practices Review of Institutional Functions, Policies

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop21 Capacity Building Training Institutional Level Community Level Education Awareness

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop22 V & A Programme Andhra Pradesh Mahabubnagar District

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop23 DISTRICT PROFILE 1.Geographical area: Lakhs Ha. 2.Population: Male: Lakhs : Female: Lakhs : Total: Lakhs 3. Literacy : 38.67% 4. Forest area: 16% 5. Rainfall (Normal): 604 m.m. 6.Cattle population: Lakh Cow Units 7. All the blocks are declared as Drought Prone Areas

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop24 Rainfall Mahaboonagar District

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop25 CAUSE OF DROUGHT SITUATION Skewed distribution of rainfall – 40% deficit from June-August which is the sowing season Depletion of ground water situation Untimely heavy rains during Sept – Oct affects the crops Lack of Rainfall during November-December adversely affects Rabi sowings

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop26 LIVELIHOODS Low productivity of lands and small land holdings leading to disguised unemployment, increasing the vulnerability. The district is traditionally known for its migrant laborers one of the important causes are: Non-sustainable traditional occupations Wage rates are low and also women are paid less than men. About 1.75 lakhs small farmers and 2.94 marginal farmers are dependent on wage employment. About 3.20 lakhs agricultural laborers who are below poverty line are also dependent on agricultural wage employment.

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop27 Activities at Village level Situational Analysis Phase – I report of Andhra Pradesh is prepared. Situational Analysis Phase – II Secondary Data Best Practices / Story lines Participatory Situational Analysis Bio-physical Studies Participatory Action Plan Capacity Building

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop28 Framework for situation analysis

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop29 Village level Awareness Campaigns

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop30 Participatory Action Planning

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop31 Exposure / Awareness - Farmers Exposure and awareness field visits - Farmers, Women and youth Sustainable Agricultural Practices, agricultural implements, farm animals, kitchen gardens, food processing, non-farm livelihood options, Agro-meteorology information, agri-buisness, agri- clinics, non-farm based livelihoods, etc

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop32 Water Management action plan with community participation

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop33 Soil testing by village youth

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop34 Home Gardens

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop35 Good Stoves – Community participation in design and adaptation

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop36 Good Stove Design

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop37 Low-Cost Wood Gas Stoves designed with community participation

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop38 Village Knowledge Centers VHF Information Knowledge (Locale Specific and Demand Driven)

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop39 Establishment of Automatic Weather Stations in the Project Villages

12 th May 06Basic Project, India Workshop40 Thank you..