The Future in Solar Panels Dane Goodman & Samuel Oyen
Table of Contents I.World Record Efficiency II.Thermal Emitters III.Calculations IV.Energy Consumption Graph V.Solar Landmass Graph VI.Solar Collection in Germany VII.Sources
World Record Efficiency 44.7 % Efficiency The Fraunhofer Institute (Berlin) Uses concentrator photovoltaics Confirms accelerating trends
Fraunhofer’s Solar Cell Constructed with wafer bonding technology 4 solar subcell structure III-V semi- conductors
Fraunhofer’s Solar Cell
Thermal Emitters Silicon semiconductors can only absorb infrared light New research: thermophotovoltaic technology consisting of an absorber and nanostructured tungsten emitter Allows utilization of the visible spectrum of light Estimates indicate an increase of solar efficiency to as high as 80%
Tungsten emitter coated in a nanolayer of ceramic hafnium dioxide “Remains stable at temperatures as high as 2500 F” Unprotected Tungsten (1200 o C)
Global Solar Panel Requirements: Calculations Assumptions 660 ZJ/yr. useful solar energy available on Earth 329 GJ/yr. energy consumption per person UN Population Division population estimates 2012 maximum commercial collector efficiency Fraunhofer ISE 2013 world record efficiency Potential efficiency with nano-material thermal emitters Carnot limit for solar efficiency $7/watt installed cost of solar panels
A Solar Planet YearGlobal Population Global Energy Consumption (ZJ/yr.) Collector Efficiency (%) Energy Collected (ZJ/yr.) Global Landmass Covered (%) Cost ($) 20116,997,998, E ,997,998, E ,220,953, E ,220,953, E ,220,953, E ,424,937, E ,424,937, E ,424,937, E ,424,937, E ,550,944, E ,550,944, E ,550,944, E ,550,944, E+17
Global Energy Consumption Year Energy Consumed (ZJ/yr.)
Solar Collection in Germany 400 MW per million people, number one in the world 130 gigawatts of PV power in world, 35 in Germany 7% of Germany’s electricity from solar power Goal of 80% renewable energies by 2050
Sources Calculations Hubbert, Energy Resources, pg releases/presseinformationen-2013/world-record-solar-cell-with-44.7-efficiency panel-efficiency-as-high-as-80 sun/ us-house/ Other resistant-materials/ begins-to-shine-as-environmental-benefits-pay-off.html?_r=0
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