Binding Equilibria (11.6) Binding of ligands to proteins is prevalent in biochemistry – Catalytic behavior of proteins can be described through binding.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Enzyme Kinetics C483 Spring 2013.
Advertisements

Introduction to electrochemistry - Basics of all techniques -
Cell Transportation How things get in and out of Cells.
Chapter 7 Chem 341 Suroviec Fall I. Introduction The structure and mechanism can reveal quite a bit about an enzyme’s function.
Cooperative Site Binding (11.8) Binding of ligands to a biomolecule can affect the ability of other active sites to bind ligands and is called cooperative.
EQUILIBRIUM. I MPORTANT T ERMS Equilibrium State- When the number of molecules leaving the liquid to vapour equals the number of molecules returning to.
Ion Transport Across Membranes (10.4) Transport of species across a membrane can be endergonic or exergonic – Passive transport (exergonic) occurs when.
Moving Cellular Materials Pg
Cell Transport The movement of molecules can be either passive (no energy) or active (needs energy) depending upon the membrane structure and concentration.
Membrane Transport (8/14 rev) Plasma membranes are selectively permeable  some molecules pass through membrane; some don’t Types of Membrane Transport.
Phase Equilibria H20 (g) H20 (l) X(phase 1) X(phase 2)
Inside of cell Outside of cell Carrier proteins allow glucose to enter a cell at a faster rate than would be possible by simple diffusion across the membrane.
Saturation and Competitive Binding Expriments Anton Zavialov Uppsala.
Transfer of charged molecules [Na + ](2) [Cl - ](2)  2 [Na + ](1) [Cl - ](1)  1 Electrical Potential (  ) Position (x) 11 22 Electric field does.
THE NERNST EQUATION RELATES THE MEMBRANE POTENTIAL TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF AN ION AT EQUILIBRIUM  E j = 59mV log C j o / C j i(6.11) 1. A tenfold difference.
Colligative Properties Colligative properties depend only on the number of solute particles present, not on the identity of the solute particles. Among.
Membrane Transport Chapter 6.
Biology: 4.1 Cells and Their Environment
Homeostasis and Cell Transport
Presentation Schedule. Homework 8 Compare the tumor-immune model using Von Bertalanffy growth to the one presented in class using a qualitative analysis…
The cell membrane has two major functions.
Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Simple Chemical Processes 2-1 Chemical thermodynamics: Is concerned with the extent that a reaction goes to completion.
Biochemistry II: Binding of ligands to a macromolecule (or the secret of life itself...) Karsten Rippe Kirchoff-Institut für Physik Molekulare Biophysik.
Details about the movement of particles in and out of a cell.
Biol 304 Week 3 Equilibrium Binding Multiple Multiple Binding Sites.
Paul D. Adams University of Arkansas Mary K. Campbell Shawn O. Farrell Chapter Six The Behavior of Proteins:
2 Enzymes The Hill equation describes the behavior of enzymes that exhibit cooperative binding of substrate 1. some enzymes bind their substrates.
1 In the name of GOD. 2 Zeinab Mokhtari 06-Jan-2010.
Chapter 5: The Working Cell. All chemical reactions involve the transfer of energy Metabolism – All chemical reactions of a cell Energy has two forms:
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (4.6) Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a way of measuring energy changes associated with physical transitions.
Types of Transport Review. The movement of particles against the direction of diffusion requiring cell energy. ACTIVE TRANSPORT.
Transport of Materials The red blood cells found in many animals are very important to the survival of the organism because they transport oxygen from.
Biological Function Equilibrium Binding. Many processes in biochemistry and pharmacology involve the reversible binding of one molecule to another and.
Homeostasis: Movement Across the Cell Membrane Students know cells are enclosed within semipermeable membranes that regulate their interaction with their.
Chapter 2 Lesson 3 Moving Cellular Materials. Cell Membrane The cell membrane is selectively permeable ◦ It allows certain things into the cell while.
Proteins often consist of multiple domains –Usually different functions (eg. catalysis, regulation, targeting) –Often can be physically separated Non-covalent.
I.The Cell Membrane Controls what enters and leaves the cell
Ion Transport Across Membranes (10.4) Transport of species across a membrane can be endergonic or exergonic – Passive transport (exergonic) occurs when.
Regulatory effects on RNA polymerase Binding constants Rate constants Measuring K B.
Cycling of Matter in Living Systems 2.2 The Role of Cell Membrane in Transport.
Diffusion and Osmosis Transport- Passive or Active Passive transport-the movement of materials across a cell membrane without the expenditure of cell.
Regents Biology Passive Transport/Diffusion Cell Membranes & Movement Across Them.
Transfer of charged molecules [Na + ](2) [Cl - ](2)  2 [Na + ](1) [Cl - ](1)  1 Electrical Potential (  ) Position (x) 11 22 Electric field does.
Membranes and Transport
Rmax and Km (26.4) Constants from Michaelis-Menten equation give insight into qualitative and quantitative aspects of enzyme kinetics Indicate if enzyme.
PASSIVE TRANSPORT One way cells maintain homeostasis is by controlling the movement of substances across their cell membrane. Cells want to reach “equilibrium”.
Warm Up 10/27 (Hint: Cells & Their Environment Guided Reading, pg 21 of notebook) 1)Define homeostasis 2) Draw a phospholipid. Label the nonpolar and polar.
1 Movement through Cell Membranes Movement through Cell Membranes- Gateway to the Cell.
Cellular Transport. Lesson Objectives Explain the processes of diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport Predict the effect of a hypotonic,
Receptor Theory & Toxicant-Receptor Interactions Richard B. Mailman.
Cycling of Matter in Living Systems 2.2 The Role of Cell Membrane in Transport.
6.5 Rate Laws & Order of Reaction Rate Law The rate (r), is proportional to the product of the initial reactant concentrations raised to some exponent.
MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Membrane transport “Got to get it there” Chapter 7 Continued.
MOVING CELLULAR MATERIAL Chapter 10 Lesson 3. Essential Questions How do materials enter and leave cells? How does cell size affect the transport of materials?
Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers.
Affinity and Avidity by: Omar Ammar
Do Now Complete Do Now sheet Answer:
Diffusion Vs. Osmosis Biology.
Cellular Transport Section 7-4.
Cellular Transport How materials get into and out of the cell
(BIOC 231) Enzyme Kinetics
Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers.
Movement Across Cell Membranes
Transport through Membrane
Artem G. Ayuyan, Fredric S. Cohen  Biophysical Journal 
2 types of passive transport
Details about the movement of particles in and out of a cell.
Cell Processes.
Passive and Active Transport
The Plasma Membrane - Gateway to the Cell
Presentation transcript:

Binding Equilibria (11.6) Binding of ligands to proteins is prevalent in biochemistry – Catalytic behavior of proteins can be described through binding – Inhibitors bind to proteins to perturb activity – Ligands bind to transport proteins (e.g., oxygen to hemoglobin) – Binding is an equilibrium process (i.e., ligands are not permanently bound to protein) Since some biopolymers have the ability to bind more than one ligand (i.e., multiple active sites), it is convenient to think in terms of average number of ligands bound to a biopolymer – The saturation parameter is related to the number of ligands bound to a polymer – Many different forms of the polymer may exist (e.g., free polymer, singly bound, doubly bound, etc.) For a single-site biopolymer, the saturation parameter is related to the equilibrium constant for the binding processsingle-site biopolymer

Equilibrium Dialysis (11.6) Binding equilibria can be determined using equilibrium dialysisequilibrium dialysis – Biopolymer is placed inside a semi-permeable membrane – Ligand is placed in solution outside membrane and can pass through membrane – Some ligand that enters membrane binds to biopolymer, some does not The amount of free ligand inside the membrane can be determined based on chemical potentials – At equilibrium, the chemical potential of the free ligand must be the same inside and outside the membrane (i.e., the concentrations must be the same) The total amount of ligand in the membrane can be elucidated in a number of ways – Monitor the change of concentration of ligand outside of the membrane – Leech out ligand from membrane by placing membrane in pure solvent

Independent Site Binding (11.7) Independent binding occurs when the binding of a ligand to a single site has no affect on the binding of ligands to other sites – For biopolymers with multiple sites (N), one can monitor the saturation parameter for a specific site (each site has its own equilibrium constant) – The overall saturation parameter is a sum of the individual saturation parameters If the sites are equivalent, the overall saturation parameter has a simple form – Only one equilibrium constant is observed The equilibrium constant and number of sites on the biopolymer can be deduced from the Scatchard equationScatchard equation – Different starting concentrations of ligand in the experiment gives different values of C L and thus different saturation parameters

Plot of Saturation Parameter vs. Ligand Concentration

Equilibrium Dialysis Experiment

Scatchard Plot of Independent Site Binding