Dispersion system. 1. Dispersion system: One or several substances disperse in another substance serving as medium. Domain: dispersed phase Continuous.

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Presentation transcript:

Dispersion system

1. Dispersion system: One or several substances disperse in another substance serving as medium. Domain: dispersed phase Continuous phase: dispersion medium

According to the size of dispersed phase r / mAtom number namePhase numberuniformity < < 10 3 Molecular dispersion Single phaseuniform ~ ~10 9 Colloidal dispersion multiphaseuniform ~10 -4 > 10 9 Coarse dispersion multiphasenonuniform 1.2 Classification of dispersion systems

Dispersion medium Dispersed phase nameExamples GasliquidLiquid aerosolFog, liquid sprays SolidSolid aerosolSmoke, dust liquid GasfoamWhipped cream LiquidEmulsionMilk solidsolpaint, mud solid gassolid foamexpanded PS liquidgeljellies, opal solid Solid suspensioncolored glass smoky crystal 1.2 Classification of dispersion system according to state

Lyophilic sols: The colloidal particles interact strongly with the dispersion medium. Solution of macromolecules (not “true” solution) Lyophobic sols: The colloidal particles and the dispersion medium has no tendency to interact. Fe(OH) 3 sol 1.2 Classification of colloids --- according to dispersion state

1862, Graham: samplesDiffusionSemi-permeable membrane CrystalloidsSalt, sugarRapidPermeable ColloidsProtein, Fe(OH) 3 slowNon-permeable Colloids, sol, gel, peptization, dialysis. 1.3 What is colloids? Fundamental concepts

10 -4 ~ mol dm -3, sol; ~ mol dm -3, precipitation, crystal, 2~3 mol dm -3, gel 1908, Weimarn: Ba(CNS) 2 + MgSO 4 : 1907, BanmapH sol gel precipitation concentration diameter