Ecology part 2

1 What four areas does population size depend on? -# of Births -# of Deaths -Immigration (Entering Pop.) -Emigration (Leaving Pop.)

2 What shape is exponential growth and what causes it? “J” Unlimited resources (food, water & space)

3 Draw and describe exponential growth. Slow initial growth that becomes rapid over time.

4 What is the shape and causes of logistic growth? “s” Exponential growth that slows or stops because of limited resources

5 Draw and describe logistic growth. Exponential growth that slows or stops because of limited resources

6 What is the largest number of organisms of a species the environment can support? Carrying Capacity

7 What types of factors are considered limiting factors that restrict population growth? Biotic and abiotic that restricts population growth (ex. Food (biotic) & space (abiotic))

8 What is density? Amount of organisms in an area

9 What are the two types of limiting factors? -Density-dependent -Density- Independent

10 What are the three types of density dependent factors? -Predation -Disease -Competition for resources

11 What are the three types of density-dependent factors? DUPLICATE!

12 What are the three types of density-independent factors? -Natural Disaster -Weather / Climate -Human Activity

13 In the water cycle, what two methods take water into the atmosphere and briefly describe each. -Evaporation- From areas of concentration of water (Ponds, lakes etc.) -Transpiration- H20 lost from plants

14 What is it called when water forms clouds? Condensation

15 What is it called when water falls back to Earth and give 2 examples. -Precipitation -Rain -Snow

16 What four methods release carbon dioxide/CO2 to the air? -Volcanoes -Human Activity -Respiration -Decomposition

17 What process uses carbon dioxide to make glucose? Photosynthesis

18 Organisms use and release carbon dioxide by which process? Respiration

19 What 2 important uses is carbon dioxide needed for to help humans? -Food carbohydrates -Living tissue and skeleton

20 What converts N2 in the soil for plants? Bacteria

21 When organisms consume plants, what macromolecule does nitrogen help produce? proteins

22 What three factors help return nitrogen to the soil? -Dead organisms/ decompositions -Bacterial nitrogen fixation -Animal Waste

23 What breaks N2 down in the soil and returns it to the atmosphere? Bacteria

24 Amino acids are monomers of which macromolecule that is vital to humans? Proteins

25 How much of the atmosphere is nitrogen? 78%

26 What saves/protects natural resources and organisms? Conservation Biology

27. How many species are in danger of extinction in the U.S.? 1,200

28 An organism that is likely to become endangered in the near future is considered? Give an example -threatened Species -Polar Bear

29 An organism that is subject to immediate extinction is considered? Give an example. -Endangered Species -Humpback Whale

30 What is a study over a long period considered? Longitudal Analysis

31 What is an increase in the average temperature on Earth? Global Warming

32 What is the trapping of heat in the atmosphere? What are 2 implications? Greenhouse Effect- Deterioration of habit, drought and disruption of relationships

33. The water cycle: condensation, precipitation, runoff, transpiration, evaporation, seepage and root uptake.

34. Carbon cycle: co2 in atmosphere, co2 in ocean add photosynthesis.

33. What is moderate temperature areas called? Temperate

34 What is called when a tree sheds its leaves every year during a particular season? deciduous

35 List the biomes and their temperatures and seasons. -Tropical Rainforest- Hot at top- Cool at Floor -Savanna- Hot -Desert- Hot day/Cold night -Temperate Grassland- Hot summers, cold winters -Temperate Deciduous Forest- Cold winters, moderate summers -Taiga- Bitterly cold winters, mild summers -Tundra- Very cold, with short cool summers -Lakes/Freshwater (Great Lakes)- Cold winters, warm/hot summers -Oceans (Cali. Coast) 50-70F

36 List the general locations of each biome. -Tropical Rainforest – Along equator/oceans -Savanna- Eastern Africa -Desert- Near equator- not near ocean -Temperate Grassland- Midwest/central U.S -Temperate Deciduous Forest- Northern U.S -Taiga- Upper/Lower regions of earth (Not poles) -Lakes/Freshwater Great Lakes in Minnesota, Southern Canada -Oceans (Cali. Coast) Duh, on the California Coast

37 List the wildlife for each biome. Tropical Rainforest- Jaguars, Boa Constrictors, Monkeys etc Savanna-rhinoceros, elephants and lions Desert- rattlesnakes, golden eagle, and mountain lions Temperate grassland- grizzly bear, coyotes and rabbits Temperate deciduous forest- deer, bobcats, and squirrels Taiga- moose, beavers, and Timberwolves Great Lakes/freshwater- trout, bass and pike Ocean/California Coast- seals dolphins and whales

38 List the plant life for each biome (if listed) Tropical Rainforest- canopy-like trees, shorter trees and vines Savanna- tall grass and fire resistant trees and shrubs Desert- cacti and creosote bush Temperate grassland- grass and herbs Temperate deciduous forest-fern, moss and deciduous trees Taiga- needle leaf /evergreen trees, berry bearing shrubs Great Lakes/freshwater-lily pads and cattails Ocean/California Coast- seaweed and kelp